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Chemical Reactions
Cue Cards chemical reactions
29
Chemistry
9th Grade
08/22/2014

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Term
Atom
Definition
The smallest unit of an element that still has the properties of that element, is made up of a nucleus containing protons and neutrons and electron shells containing electrons
Term
Atomic number
Definition
The number of protons in an atom
Term
Compound
Definition
A substance made up of atoms of two or more elements that are chemically combined
Term
Electron
Definition
A subatomic particle that orbits an atoms’ nucleus, has a negative electric charge, and has very little mass
Term
Element
Definition
A substance made up of only 1 kind of atom
Term
Metal
Definition
A substance that conducts heat and electricity well, is malleable, ductile, shiny and rings when hit, found on the left hand side of the periodic table
Term
Neutron
Definition
A subatomic particle that has the same mass as a proton, but has no electric charge
Term
Non-Metal
Definition
A subatomic particle that has the same mass as a proton, but has no electric charge
Term
Nucleus
Definition
The centre of an atom, containing protons and neutrons
Term
Periodic table
Definition
A table that shows the elements arranged in order by their atomic number
Term
Proton
Definition
A subatomic particle that has a positive charge
Term
Reactants
Definition
The starting materials in a chemical reaction
Term
Products
Definition
The elements or compounds produced by a chemical reaction
Term
Chemical Word Equation
Definition
A way to describe a chemical reaction using chemical names and other symbols
Term
Alkali Metals
Definition
The group 1 metals, all have one electron in their outer shell and are very reactive
Term
Alkaline earth metals
Definition
The group 2 metals, all have 2 electrons in their outer shell and are quite reactive
Term
Electron configuration
Definition
The pattern of electrons in the electron shells, eg: Ca 2,8,8,2
Term
Chemical change
Definition
Occurs when there is a chemical reaction, new substances are formed. The change cannot be easily reversed. May get a permanent colour change, energy change, gas given off etc
Term
Physical change
Definition
The change can be easily reversed, it is not permanent. Nothing new has been formed. May be a change in state or dissolving etc.
Term
Valence electron
Definition
An electron that is found in the outermost shell of an atom and determines the atoms chemical properties (how reactive it is)
Term
Inert Gases
Definition
Group 18 (VIII) of the periodic table. All these elements have full outer shells and are not reactive
Term
Halogens
Definition
Elements with 7 electrons in their outer valence shell, in Group 17 (VII) of the periodic table. Very reactive.
Term
Hydrogen gas
Definition
Made by reacting Magnesium metal with hydrochloric acid. Tested with a lighted splint that gives a squeaky ‘pop’
Term
Oxygen gas
Definition
Made by reacting manganese dioxide with hydrogen peroxide. Tested with a glowing splint which relights
Term
Carbon dioxide
Definition
Made by reacting calcium carbonate with hydrochloric acid and bubbling the gas through limewater, which goes cloudy
Term
Combustion
Definition
Burning, uses oxygen and a fuel, producing carbon dioxide and water
Term
Incomplete combustion
Definition
Limited supply of oxygen. Carbon monoxide and carbon (soot) form instead of carbon dioxide
Term
Conservation of mass
Definition
Mass of the reactants = mass of the products
Term
Molecule
Definition
A molecule is made up of two or more atoms (of the same element) bonded together eg: H2, O2, Cl2, S2
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