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Chem study 1
Chapter 1 study material
55
Chemistry
10th Grade
10/02/2010

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Cards

Term
What Does MSDS stand for?
Definition
Material Safety Data Sheet
Term
What are 4 Indicators of a CHEMICAL reaction?
Definition
  1. Formation of a Gas
  2. Formation of a Precipitant
  3. Color change
  4. Temperature Change
Term
What Compound during our lab created Heat?
Definition
Calcium Chloride
Term
What are the SIX branches of Chemistry?
Definition
  1. Organic
  2. Inorganic
  3. Physical
  4. Biochemisty
  5. Analytical
  6. Theoretical
Term
What are 3 examples of Extensive properties?
Definition
  1. Mass
  2. Volume
  3. Length
Term
What measurements are numerical?
Definition

Quantitative

 (Quantity=Numbers)

Term
What measurements are not numerical?
Definition

Qualitative

(quality)

Term
What are Intensive Properties?
Definition
Properties that do not depend on the amount of matter in a substance.
Term
What are the two types of physical properties?
Definition
  1. Extensive
  2. Intensive

 

Term
What are Extensive properties?
Definition
They depend on the amount of matter being measured.
Term
What are 5 examples of Intensive properties?
Definition
  1. M.P
  2. B.P
  3. Density
  4. Color
  5. Malleability

 

Term
What is a physical change?
Definition
A change that does not change the identity of a substance.
Term
What is a chemical change?
Definition
A change that results in a change of the identity of a substance.
Term
What are 3 examples of a Physical Change?
Definition
  • Cutting Wire
  • Grinding a Solid
  • Any Changes of State                      (melting, being solluble, etc.)
Term
Draw the "Matter Tree" 
Definition

Matter
YES  (can it be separated?)  NO

                      Mixture                                                       "Pure Substances"     

 Homogeneous    Heterogeneous     Elements Compounds            

1. NaCl    1.Blood                1.Fe                1.H2O

 2. Mayonaise   2.Granite                        2. Oxygen      2.Glucose                           

Term
What is another name for Homogeneous mixtures?
Definition
Solutions
Term

Which are chemical changes and which are physical?

1. Iron rusting

2. Water evaporating

3.Paper burning

4. Wood being cut

5. Food digesting

Definition

1. Chemical

2. Physical

3. Chemical

4. Physical

5. Chemical

Term
What are 3 Examples of a CHEMICAL change?
Definition
  1. Wood burning
  2. Iron Rusting
  3. Food Digesting

(If you can't come back it's chemical)

Term
What are Physical Properties?
Definition

Properties that are observed and measured without altering the identity of the substance. They are unique to the substance.

 (Quantitative and Qualitative)

Term
What are the 2 categories of "Pure" Substances?
Definition
Elements and Compounds
Term
What is accuracy and what is precision?
Definition

Accuracy= Getting the true value

Precision= Getting a measurement over and over again.

 (Reproduceability)

Term
What is Chemistry?
Definition
The study of matter and the changes it undergoes
Term
What are periods on the table of elements?
Definition
The horizontal rows.
Term
What are the vertical lines on the periodic table?
Definition
Groups/Families
Term
How many periods are there?
Definition
SEVEN!
Term
What are Groups 17 and 2 named?
Definition

Two are the Alkaline Earth Metals

Seventeen are the Halogens

Term
Where are Metals located? Nonmetals? Metalloids?
Definition
  • Metals are to the left of the line
  • Nonmetals are to the right
  • Metalloids are straddling the line
Term
What are 6 characteristics of Metals?
Definition
  • Good conductors of Electricity and Heat
  • Ductile
  • Malleable
  • Solid at room temp.
  • Shiny
  • High melting/boiling point
Term
What are characteristics of nonmetals?
Definition
Opposite of metals! :D
Term
What are characteristics of metalloids?
Definition
Characteristics of both metals and nonmetals
Term
What is the systematic solving using conversion factors?
Definition
DIMENSIONAL ANALYSIS
Term
How many grams in one pound?
Definition
454 grams in one pound
Term
What are conversion factors?
Definition
Truths
Term
What are the names of Groups 1 and 18?
Definition

One is Alkali Metals

Eighteen is Noble Gases

Term
How many groups are there?
Definition

18!

(Elements in them share characteristics)

Term
How many centimeters in 1 inch?
Definition
2.54 cm in 1 inch
Term
What does the law of conservation of energy state?
Definition
The law of conservation of energy states that energy can not be created or destroyed, it can only be changed from one form to another.
Term
How many feet in a mile?
Definition
5280 feet in one mile
Term
When was the SI system adopted?
Definition
1960
Term
How do you calculate Mass percentage?
Definition

Mass % = Mass of component divided by total mass of mixture x 100%

 

Term
How do you calculate percent error?
Definition

( Actual - experimental/ actual) x 100

 

experimental is what you got

Term
How do you calculate density?
Definition

Mass/ Volume  

(Grams/mL or cm3)

Term
How many mL are there in 1 cubic centimeter?
Definition
There is 1 mL in 1 cubic centimeter
Term
What is specific heat?
Definition
The amount of energy needed to raise 1 gram of a substance by 1 degree C
Term
How do you calculate Sp. Heat?
Definition

Sp. Heat= heat enery (calories/joules)


(Mass of substance) x (Change in Temp)

Term
What is heat energy measured in?
Definition

Calories and Joules

(4.18 Joules = 1 calorie)

Term
What are sig figs?
Definition
Measurements taht consist of all digits known plus one final digit which is estimated
Term
What are the Rules of Sig Figs?
Definition
  1. All non zero digits are significant (355=3)
  2. Zeroes between Non-zeroes ARE significant (4006= 4)
  3. Zeroes that are in front of a number ARE NOT sig (.001= 1)
  4. Zeroes at the end of the number after the decimal ARE sig (567.00=5)
  5. Zeroes at the end of the number left of decimal may be or may not be sig. (2000= 1,  however 2000. = 4)
Term

What is..

  1. The formula for converting F to C
  2. C to F
  3. C to K
Definition

1. F to C=  5/9 (F-32)

2. C to F= 9/5 x C + 32

3. C to K= C + 273

Term
What are the rules for adding and subtracting for sig figs?
Definition

See how many places they both go out, answer can't be more than the least amount of decimals.

Ex. 25.1 + 2.03   Answer can only have 1 decimal place

Term
How do you calculate percent yield and what is it?
Definition

Percent yield is the mass of the material recovered after separation

 

%yield= actual yield/theoretical yield x 100%

Term
How do you get mass from your weight?
Definition
Multiply weight by 454 to get grams (mass)
Term
There is 100 g of water and it changed from 35 to 38 degrees C. It was warmed by 70 grams of lead that had a change in temp. of 65 degrees. Find the sp. heat of the metal.
Definition
Spheat of the metal= .066 calories
Term
What are the metric measurements?
Definition
Kilometer, Hectometer,Dekameter, Meter, Decimeter, Centimeter, Millimeter
Term
Rules for multiplication and division of sig figs?
Definition

See how many sig figs are in each

 

ex. 3.05/ 8.47

answer must have 3

 

(if one has 4 and other has 3, answer can have 3)

 

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