Term
| What is Transport Phenomena |
|
Definition
| Describes the exchange of momentum, energy or mass |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| property which determines the ease with which a fluid will flow |
|
|
Term
| ___ determines how much force needs to be applied |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| force per unit area exerted on fluid as plate moves F/A=N/m^2=Pa |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| shear stress/shear rate=N*s/m^2=Pa*s or 1 Pa*s=10 poise |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| viscosity/density=Pa*s/kg/m^3=m^2/s |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| because theyu follow Newton's law, proportionality factor between shear stress and shear rate is viscosity |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| more shear applied-more it wants to resist |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| apply some amount of force to get them to flow |
|
|
Term
| Newtonian fluids include: |
|
Definition
| water, oils, air, all gases, most liquids that are low MW <5000 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| force in x-direction on an area normal to the y-plane (perpendicular to y-axis) |
|
|
Term
| For an incompressible fluid the relationship between viscosity and temperature is |
|
Definition
| as temperature increases, viscosity decreases (think liquids) |
|
|
Term
| For compressible fluids the relationship between viscosity and temperature i |
|
Definition
| as viscosity increases, temperature increases |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| tau y x= rate of transfer of fluid particles or energy across a given surface |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| momentum flux normal to the flow of fluid proportional to velocity gradient and proportionality factor is viscosity |
|
|
Term
| For a stationary fluid what are the three forces |
|
Definition
| gravity, pressure on top, pressure on bottom |
|
|
Term
| the centrifugal force equation |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| dm=mass of liquid in element in cylindrical coordinates |
|
Definition
dm=2 pi density r b dr
where b is the breadth or height of ring |
|
|
Term
| in cyclindrical coordinates dp= |
|
Definition
| dp=F/A where F=2 pi density b omega squared r squared dr A=2 pi r b |
|
|
Term
| What is the difference between laminar and turbulent flow? |
|
Definition
| Re=DVdensity/viscosity- In a pipe, flow is always laminar at Reynolds numbers below 2100 and turbulent above 4000 |
|
|
Term
| "Shell" momentum balance represents |
|
Definition
| a small (differential) element of fluid flowing within a system |
|
|
Term
| momentum balance equation: |
|
Definition
| 0={rate of momentum in}-{rate of momentum out}+{sum of forces acting on shell} |
|
|
Term
| momentum in/out considerations (4 things) |
|
Definition
| 1. viscous flux (energy transferred through a surface) 2. Convection=motion of bulk fluid-transport of momentum by motion of bulk fluid 3. Forces acting on shell (gravity, pressure) 4. Typical boundary conditions for fluid systmes (no slip, at liq liq interfaces, liq gas interfaces) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| energy transferred through a surface |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| motion of bulk fluid-transport of momentum by motion of bulk fluid |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Typical boundary conditons for fluid systems: |
|
Definition
| 1) no slip: at solid-fluid interfaces fluid velocity=solid velocity 2) no slip at liq liq interfaces- tangential velocities of fluids are equal 3. liq-gas interface plane of constant x |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| ratio of inertial forces to viscous forces |
|
|
