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Chapters1&2
Scientific Method & NeuroScience and Behavior
15
Physiology
Graduate
02/14/2011

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Term

Scientific Method

Definition
  • Formulate testable questions (Hypothesis)
  • Design study to collect data (Experimental/Descriptive)
  • Analyze data to arrive at a conclusion (Statistical Procedures)
  • Report Results (Publication/Replication)
Term
Empirical Evidence
Definition
Based upon observation, measurement, and or experimentation.
Term
Hypotheses
Definition
Tentative statemets about the relashionship between variables.
Term
Variables
Definition
Factors that can vary in ways that can be observed, measured, and verified. (Independent vs. Dependent)
Term
Operational Definition
Definition
Precise description of how the variable will be measured.
Term
Theory
Definition
Tentative explanation for observed findings.
Term
Research Strategies
Definition
  • Naturalistic
  • Case Studies
  • Surveys
  • Correlational method
Term
Naturalistic Observation
Definition
  • Directly observing behavior as it occurs in its natural environment.
  • Ex:Animal obsevation in the wild.
  • Advantage:You are able to observe the true role of the subject's actions.
  • Limitations:It cannot have any controls.
Term
Case Studies
Definition
  • Highly detailed description of a single individual
  • EX:Used to investigate rare, unusual, or extreme cases and conditions.
  • Usefull to study unusual cases
Term
Survey Methods
Definition
  • Designed to investigate opinions, behaviors, or characteristics of a particular group.
  • EX:US census
  • Can be used to represent a large # of people.
  • Limitations:Examples have to be representative.
Term
Correlational Study
Definition
  • Collects a set of facts organized into two or more categories.
  • EX:Examine the relationship between categories.
  • Help isolate certain factors, and make small predictions
Term
Experimental Method
Definition

Strategies for infering cause and effect relashionships among variables

Must have at least two levels

Term
Ethical Guidelines
Definition
  • Informed consent and voluntary participation
  • Students as participants
  • Use of deception
  • Confidentiality of information
  • Information about the study and debriefing
Term

Types of neurons:

Sensory

Definition
Input, From sensory organs to the brain and spinal cord(CNS)
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