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Chapters 5-8
Psychology
18
Psychology
Undergraduate 1
10/05/2012

Additional Psychology Flashcards

 


 

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Term
developmental psychology
Definition
a branch of psychology that studies physical, cognitive, and social change throughout the life span
Term
zygote
Definition
the fertilized egg; it enters a 2-week period of rapid cell division and develops into an embryo
Term
embryo
Definition
the developing human organism from about 2 weeks after fertilization through the second month
Term
fetus
Definition
the developing human organism from 9 weeks after conception to birth
Term
teratogens
Definition
agents, such as chemicals and viruses, that can reach the embryo or fetus during prenatal developmental and cause harm
Term
fetal alcohol syndrome (FAS)
Definition
physical and cognitive abnormalitites in children caused by a pregnant woman's heavy drinking
Term
maturation
Definition
biological growth processes that enable orderly changes in behavior, relatively uninfluenced by experience
Term
cognition
Definition
all the mental activities associated with thinking, knowing, remembering, and communicating
Term
schema
Definition
a concept or framework that organizes and interprets information
Term
assimilation
Definition
interpreting our new experiences in terms of our existing schemas
Term
accommodation
Definition
adapting our current understandings (schemas) to incorporate new information
Term
sensorimotor stage
Definition
in Piaget's theory, the stage (from birth to about two years of age)during which infants know the world mostly in terms of their sensory impressions and motor activating
Term
object permanence
Definition
the awareness that things continue to exist even when not perceived
Term
preoperational stage
Definition
in Piaget's theory, the stage (from about 2 to 6 or 7 years of age) during which a child learns to use language but does not yet comprehend the mental operations of concrete logic
Term
conservation
Definition
the principle (which Piaget believed to be a part of concrete operational reasoning) that properties such as mass, volume, and number remain the same despite changes in the forms of objects
Term
egocentrism
Definition
in Piaget's theory, the preoperational child's difficulty taking another's point of view
Term
theory of mind
Definition
people's ideas about their own and other's mental states-about their feelings, perceptions, and thoughts, and the behaviors these might predict
Term
concrete operational stage
Definition
in Piaget's theory, the stage of cognitive developmental (from about 6 or 7 to 11 years of age) during which children gain the mental operational that enable them to think logically about concrete events
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