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Chapters 13 and 14
Chemistry 1
27
Chemistry
10th Grade
10/28/2010

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Term
What scientist develeloped atomic theory in the early 1800s?
Definition
John Dalton
Term
How does the energy of an electron change when it moves closer to the nucleus?
Definition
Energy decreases.
Term
The pricipal quantum number indicated what property of an electron?
Definition
Energy level.
Term
How many energy sublevels are in the second principal energy level?
Definition
2.
Term
What is the max number of electrons in the second principal energy level?
Definition
8. (4 orbitals*2 energy sublevels=8)
Term
In Rutherford's model of an atom, where are the electrons and protons located?
Definition
Moving throughout the atom.
Term
In the Bohr model of the atom, an electron in orbit has a fixed _____ ?
Definition
Energy.
Term
What did Rutherford's experiment demonstrate?
Definition
That most of an atom's mass in concentrated in a relatively small portion of the atom's entire volume.
Term
What is the probability of finding an electron within the region indicated by the drawn electron cloud?
Definition
90%
Term
The SHAPE of an electron cloud is determined by the electron's ____?
Definition
Energy sublevel.
Term
Formula 2n squared represents ____?
Definition
The max number of electrons that can be in an energy level.
Term
The letter P in 4p cubed indicates _________?
Definition
Orbital shape.
Term
If 2 electrons occupy 2 p orbitals, what is the directions of the spins of these 2 electrons?
Definition
Both clockwise or both counterclockwise.
Term
Unpaired electrons in Sulfur?
Definition
2.
Term
What orbital is filled when iodine gas gains an electron to become a negative ion?
Definition
4d
Term
What is true about the electron configurations of the noble gases?
Definition
The outermost s and p sublevels are partially filled.
Term
Representative elements are in what group?
Definition
All group A elements.
Term
Each period number in the periodic table corresponds to ______?
Definition
Principle energy levels.
Term
The category of elements that is characterized by the filling of the f orbitals is the _____?
Definition
Alkaline earth metals.
Term
Ni, Fe and Zn all belong to what group of elements?
Definition
Representative elements.
Term
How does atomic radius change down a group in the periodic table?
Definition
First increases, then decreases.
Term
Why is the radius of a negative ion always greater than the radius of it's neutral atom?
Definition
Because the number of principal energy levels is always reduced.
Term
What contributes to the relatively greater atomic size of the higher-atomic-number elements within a particular family of the periodic table?
Definition
more shielding of the outer electrons by the inner electrons
Term
How to calculate which element has the least atomic radius?
Definition
Atomic radius- the lower the period, the greater the atomic radius. (the higher period has the least atomic radius)
Term
What electron configurations are particularly stable?
Definition
A filled energy level.
Term
What factor contributes to lower ionization energy of the higher-atomic-number elements in a family in the periodic table?
Definition
Greater distance from the nucleus.
Term
What does ionization do?
Definition
Grabs electrons.
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