Term
|
Definition
| two or more forms of the same element that differ in their properties, but exist in the same physical state |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a process for mining sulfur using heated water |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| an industrial nitrogen fixation process which produces ammonia from nitrogen and hydrogen |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the addition of hydrogen to double or triple bonds |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the conversion of atmospheric nitrogen to a form that can be used by plants |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the commercial method for producing nitric acid by the catalyzed reaction of ammonia with oxygen |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| layer of the atmosphere 15-30 km above the earth in which most of the harmful ultraviolet radiation from the sun is absorbed |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a mixture of two or more metals |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| alloys of iron and one or more metals, along with a small amount of carbon |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the process in steelmaking in which internal stresses are removed from a steel object by heating it to 700-800 degrees C for a period of time and then slowly cooling it |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a process of rapidly refining pig iron into steel by the reaction of impurities with oxygen |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a forced-air furnace which produces iron by the combustion of coke in the presence of iron ore and limestone |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| an alloy of only carbon and steel |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a process in which the surface of a peice of steel or other metal is hardened while leaving the interior resilient |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| in steelmaking, a process of hardening steel by benting or hammering it at a relatively low temperature |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a method of producing gold or silver from ores using sodium cyanide and warm air |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a process by which iron can be produced from iron ore without the use of coke |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| introduction of small amounts of impurities into a crystal |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a process for separating ore from unwanted earthly material or gangue |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| in steelmaking, a substance that will react with and remove impurities, such as silica, in the form of molten slag; in glassmaking, a substance that lowers the melting point of the glass mixture making it more easily melted |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| an amorphous or noncrystalline form of a substance, usually used in reference to silica |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a method of hardening steel by heating it redhot then cooling quickly |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a synthetic organic material containing chemically bonded charged groups whose charges are balanced by sodium or hydrogen ions, or hydroxide ions, respectively; hard water ions are exchanged for these ions as water passes through the resin |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the science concerned with the extraction of metals from their naturally occuring materials and preparation of them for a use |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a naturally occuring material containing a metal in sufficient concentration to make its extraction profitable |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| to produce a material in its free form |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| to purify the extracted metal |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| electrical conductivity intermediate between conducters and insulators |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a compound containing a metal and silicon-oxygen groups |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a silicon-containing polymer with the general formula (R2SiO)n |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| in steelmaking, a process by which internal stresses in heat-treated steel are releived by gentle heating |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a very exothermic reaction between aluminum powder and another metal oxide, such as iron (III) oxide, sometimes used in welding |
|
|
