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Chapter 9 Vocabulary
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14
Biology
9th Grade
03/15/2013

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Term
Glycolysis
Definition
The anaerobic breakdown of glucose into pyruvic acid, which makes a small amount of energy available to cells.
Term
Araeobic
Definition
A process that requires oxygen.
Term
Chlorophyll
Definition
A green pigment that is present in most plant and Algae cells and some bacteria, that gives plants their characteristic green color and that absorbs light to provide energy for photosynthesis.
Term
Cellular repiration
Definition
The process by which cells produce energy from carbohydrates.
Term
ATP synthesis
Definition
An enzyme that catalyzes the synthesis of ATP.
Term
ATP
Definition
Adenosine triphosphate, an organic molecule that acts as the main source for cell process.
Term
Thylakoid
Definition
A membrane system found within chloroplast that contains the components of photosynthesis.
Term
Fermenation
Definition
The breakdown of carbohydrates by enzymes, bacteria, yeats, or mold in the absence of oxygen.
Term
Anaeroboc
Definition
Describes a process that does not require oxygen.
Term
Calvin cycle
Definition
A bioemical pathway of photosynthesis in which carbon dioxide converted into glucose using ATP.
Term
Pigment
Definition
a substance that gives another substance or a mixture its color.
Term
Krebs cycle
Definition
A series biomchemical reactions that convert pyruvic acid into carbon dioxide and water.
Term
Electronic transport chain
Definition
A series of molecules, found in the inner membranes of mitochondria, and chloroplasts, through which electrons pass in a process that causes protons to build up in one side of the membrane.
Term
Photosynthesis
Definition
The process by which plants, algae, and some bacteria uses sunlight, carbon dioxide, and some water to produce carbohydrates and oxygen.
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