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Chapter 9
Humanistic and Existential Aspects of Personality
21
Psychology
Undergraduate 1
12/07/2009

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Term
Existentialism
Definition
an area of philosophy concerned wtith the meaning of human existance
Term
being-in-the-world
Definition
the existential idea that the self cannot exist without a world and the world cannot exist without a person or being to perceive it
Term
positivism
Definition
the philosophical view of the world that focuses on the laws that govern the behavior of objects in the world
Term
phenomenological
Definition
the concept that people's perceptions or subjective realities are considered
Term
humanism
Definition
a phiolosophical movement that emphasizes the personal worth of the individual and the importance of human values
Term
dialectical tension
Definition
concept used by mihaly Csizszenholycraplong-name. idea that creative people tend to have traits that are seemlingly contradictory but that play a role in their creativity
Term
l-Thou Dialogue
Definition
Martin Buber: describes a direct, mutual relationship in which each individual confirms the other person as being of unique value
Term
L-lt Monologue
Definition
Martin Buber: describe a utilitarian relationship in which a person uses others but doesnt value them for themselves
Term
Human Potential Movement
Definition
an existential-humanistic movement in which people are encouraged to realize their inner potentials through small group meetings, self-disclosure and introspection
Term
Dialectical Humanism
Definition
Eric Fromm: approach to personality, which tries to reconcile the biological, driven side of human beings and the pressures of societal strcture by focusing on the belief that people can rise above or transend these forces and become spontaneous, creative, and loving
Term
Experiencing Person
Definition
Carl RĂ²ger: phenomoenlogical view. important issues are defined by each person for himself or herself in teh context of the total range of things the person experiences
Term
Rogerian Therapy
Definition
client-oriented psychotherapy developed by Carl Rogers in which the therapist tends to be supportive, nondirective, and empathetic, and gives unconditional positive regard
Term
Self-Actualization
Definition
innate process by which one tends to grow spiritually and realize one's potential
Term
Teleology
Definition
idea that there is a grand design or purpose to one's life
Term
Peak Experiences
Definition
Abraham Maslow: powerful meaningful experiences in which people seem to transend the self, be at one with the world, and feel completely self-fullfilled; Mihaly Csizikszenmihalyi : the "flow" that comes with total involvement in an activity
Term
Organismic
Definition
Describe theories that focus on the evelopment that comes from inside the growing organism and that assume a natural unfolding, or life course, for each organism
Term
Deficiency Needs
Definition
Abraham Maslow: needs that are essential for survival including physiological, safety, belonging, love, and esteem needs
Term
Personal Oreintation Inventory
Definition
Self-report questionnaire that asks people to classify themselves on a number of dimensions for the various chracteristics of self-actualization or mental health
Term
Subjective Well-Being
Definition
What indiviuals think of their own level of happiness or their quality of life
Term
Positive Psychology
Definition
movement in modern psychology to focus on positive attributes rather than on pathology
Term
American Paradox
Definition
contemporary situation where we have material abundance co-occuring with social recession and psychological depression
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