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Chapter 9
Adolescence and Adulthood
18
Psychology
Undergraduate 1
10/20/2008

Additional Psychology Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term
Adolescence
Definition
The developmental stage that begins at puberty and encompasses the period from the end of childhood to the beginning of adulthood.
Term
Alzheimer's Disease
Definition
A progressive and incurable disorder that involves widespread degeneration and disruption of brain cells resulting in dementia
Term
Conventional Level
Definition
Kohlberg’s second level of moral reasoning, in which the individual has internalized the standards of others and judges right and wrong in terms of those standards
Term
Crystallized Intelligence
Definition
A type of intelligence comprising verbal ability and accumulated knowledge,  which tend to increase over the lifespan
Term
Dementias
Definition
- A group of neurological disorder in which problems with memory and thinking affect an individual’s emotional, social, and physical functioning; caused by physical deterioration of the brain
Term
Emerging Adulthood
Definition
The period from the late teens to early twenties when individuals explore options prior to committing to adult roles
Term
Fluid Intelligence
Definition
A type of intelligence comprising abstract reasoning and mental flexibility, which peak in the early 20s and decline slowly as people age
Term
General Slowing
Definition
A process in which the reduction in the speed of neural transmission leads to a slowing of physical and mental functions
Term
Identity Crisis
Definition
The emotional turmoil a teenager experiences when trying to establish a sense of personal identity
Term
Lifespan perspective
Definition
The view that developmental changes happen throughout the human lifespan and interdisciplinary research is required to fully understand human development
Term
menopause
Definition
The cessation of menstruation, which usually occurs between  45 to 55 and marks the end of reproductive capacity
Term
Metamemory
Definition
The ability to think about and control one’s own memory processes
Term
Postconventional Level
Definition
Kohlberg’s highest of moral reasoning, in which moral reasoning involves weighing moral alternatives and realizing that laws may conflict with basic human rights
Term
Preconventional level
Definition
Kohlberg’s first level of moral reasoning in which moral reasoning is governed by the standard of others rather than the person’s own internalized standards of right and wrong; acts are judged as good or bad based on their physical consequences  
Term
Presbyopia
Definition
A condition, developing in the mid to late 40s in which the lenses of the eyes no longer accommodate adequately for near vision, and reading glasses or bifocals are required for reading    
Term
Psychosocial Stages
Definition
Erikson’s eight developmental stages through which individuals progress during their lifespan; each stage is defined by a conflict involving the individual’s relationship with the social environment, which must be resolved satisfactorily in order for healthy development to occur
Term
Puberty
Definition
A period of several years in which rapid physical growth and physiological changes occur culminating in sexual maturity
Term
Secondary Sex Characteristics
Definition
Those physical characteristics that are not directly involved in reproduction but that appear at puberty and distinguish the mature male from the mature female   
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