Shared Flashcard Set

Details

Chapter 9 Meiosis
Cell basis of Inheritance
26
Science
10th Grade
03/13/2008

Additional Science Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term
Meiosis
Definition
Gonadal process creates four genetically different haploid gametes (eggs and sperm)
Term
Haploid (n)
Definition
Cell with SINGLE set of chromosomes (eg. Human egg or sperm n = 23)
Term
Gametes
Definition
Term for SEX cells (n); egg or sperm
Term
Fertilization
Definition
Another term for SYNGAMY or union of gametes (sperm + egg)
Term
Zygote (2n)
Definition
Fertilized egg after UNION of the gametes (2n = diploid number chromosomes)
Term
Karyotype
Definition
Visual display of 23 homologous pairs of chromosomes (one set from each parent)
Term
Homologous Chromosomes
Definition
Matching pair of chromosomes; one from each parent
Term
Gonads
Definition
Sex organs (ovaries or testes); site of meiosis and gamete production
Term
Sex Chromosomes
Definition
23rd pair of chromosomes; determine sex: XX female XY male
Term
Crossing Over
Definition
Exchange of genes beween NON-sister chromatids during Prohphase I
Term
Prophase I
Definition
Homologous chromosomes synapse; form tetrads; crossing over occurs
Term
Chiasmata
Definition
Visible X shaped regions = crossovers between 2 non-sister chromatids
Term
Metaphase I
Definition
Homologous chromosomes align OPPOSITE; spindle fiers attach only to one side
Term
Locus
Definition
A gene's specific LOCATION along a given chromosome
Term
Allele
Definition
Version of a GENE carried at a particular location along a chromosome
Term
Anaphase I
Definition
Homologous chromosomes separate; called reduction division (2n -> n)
Term
Metaphase II
Definition
Sister chromatids align in middle; spindle fibers to both sides of centromere
Term
Anaphase II
Definition
Sister chromatids separate to opposite poles -> 4 haploid nuclei
Term
Random Assortment
Definition
Shuffling of homologous chromosomes at Metaphase I -> genetic variety
Term
2n
Definition
# of gamete types from (n)pairs of homologous chromosomes; 223 = 8 x 106
Term
Genetic Recombination
Definition
New combinations of genetic material as a result of crossover (Prophase I)
Term
Gene
Definition
Term for a HEREDITARY UNIT at a given location on a chromosome
Term
Animals
Definition
Organisms: Meisosis creates GAAMETES, which soon unite -> 2n zygote
Term
Diploid (2n)
Definition
Contains full chromosome complement 1/2 from each parent
Term
Genome
Definition
Complete set of human genes (38,000)
Term
Fern
Definition
Organism where meiosis creates thousands of genetically different spores
Supporting users have an ad free experience!