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Chapter 8
N/A
14
Psychology
Undergraduate 4
10/23/2014

Additional Psychology Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term
Balancing
Definition
A technique used to control the impact of extraneous variables by distributing their effects equally across treatment conditions.
Term
Constancy of Conditions
Definition
A control procedure used to avoid confounding; keeping all aspects of the treatment conditions identical except for the independent variable that is being manipulated.
Term
Context Variable
Definition
Extraneous variable stemming from procedures created by the environment, or context, of the research setting.
Term
Cover Story
Definition
A plausible but false explanation of the procedures in an experiment told to disguise the actual research hypothesis so that subjects will not guess what it is.
Term
Demand Characteristics
Definition
The aspects of the experimental situation itself that demand or elicit particular behaviors; can lead to distorted data by compelling subjects to produce responses that conform to what subjects believe is expected of them in the experiment.
Term
Double-Blind Experiment
Definition
An experiment in which neither the experimenter nor the subjects know which treatment condition the subjects are in; used to control experimenter bias.
Term
Elimination
Definition
A technique to control extraneous variables by removing them from the experiment.
Term
Experimenter Bias
Definition
Any behavior of the experimenter that can create confounding in an experiment.
Term
Personality Variables
Definition
The personal characteristics that an experimenter or volunteer subject brings to the experimental setting.
Term
Physical Variables
Definition
Aspects of the testing conditions that need to be controlled.
Term
Placebo Effect
Definition
The result of giving subjects a pill, injection, or other treatment that actually contains none of the independent variable; the treatment elicits a change in subjects' behavior simply because subjects expect an effect to occur.
Term
Rosenthal Effect
Definition
The phenomenon of experimenters treating subjects differently depending on what they expect from the subjects; also called the Pygmalion effect.
Term
Single-Blind Experiment
Definition
An experiment in which subjects are not told which of the treatment conditions they are in; a procedure used to control demand characteristics.
Term
Social Variables
Definition
The qualities of the relationships between subjects and experimenters that can influence the results of an experiment.
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