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Chapter 8
Planning Server and Network Security
27
Computer Networking
Undergraduate 1
07/08/2012

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Term
access control entries
Definition
an entry in an object's access control list tha grants permissions to a user or group.
Term
acess control list
Definition
a collection of access control entries that defines the access that all users and groups have to an object.
Term
biometrics
Definition
a group of technologies that enable computers to identify individuals based on physioloigical characteristics, such as fingerprints.
Term
bitlocker drive encryption
Definition
a windows sever 2008 feature that can encrypt entire volumes, to prevent intruders from accessing their data
Term
centralized authentication
Definition
a security model in which all of the servers on a network rely on a single authority to authenticate users
Term
decenralized authentication
Definition
a security model in which each server maintains its own list of users and their crudentials
Term
dictionary attacks
Definition
a password penetration technique in which a list of common passwords is encrypted, and the results compared with captured ciphertext
Term
firewall
Definition
a software routine that acts as a virtual barrier between a computer and the attached network
Term
effective permissions
Definition
a combination of allowed, denied, inherited, and explicitly assigned permissions that provides a composite view of a security principal's functional access to a resource
Term
kerberos
Definition
a ticket-based authentication protocol used by Windows computers that are members of an Active Directory domain
Term
key distribution center
Definition
a windows server 2008 component, part of the kerberos authentication protocol, that maintains a database of account information for all security principals in the domain
Term
port numbers
Definition
in tcp/ip communications, the code numbers embedded in transport layer protocol headers that identify the applications that generated and will receive a particular message
Term
program exception
Definition
keyin windows firewall, a method for opening a communications port through the firewall
Term
public key encryption
Definition
a security relationship in which participants are issued two keys: public and private
Term
secret key encryption
Definition
a cryptographic system in which one character is substituted for another
Term
security accounts manager
Definition
enables to maintain a list of local users and groups that function as a decentralized authentication system
Term
security identifiers
Definition
a unique value assigned to every active directory object when it is created
Term
security principal
Definition
the user, group, or computer to which an administrator assigns permissions
Term
single sign-on
Definition
an environment in which users can access all network resources with a single set of credentials
Term
smart card
Definition
a credit card-sized device that contains memory and embedded circuitry that enables it to store data
Term
social engineering
Definition
to describe the process of circumventing security barriers by persuading authorized users to provide passwords to other sensitive information
Term
special permissions
Definition
an element providing a security principal with a specific degree of access to a resource
Term
standard permissions
Definition
a common combination of special permissions used to provide a security principal with a level of access to a resource
Term
ticket granting tickets
Definition
in kerberos authentication, a credential issued by the authentication service that supplies valid authentication creddentials
Term
trusted platform module
Definition
a dedicated cryptographic processor chip that a windows server 2008 computer uses to store the bitlocker encryption
Term
trusts
Definition
in active directory, relationship between domains that enable network resources in one domain to authorize users in another
Term
tunneling
Definition
a networking technique in which one protocol is encapsulated within another protocol
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