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chapter 8 Skeletal muscle
key terms
24
Medical
Not Applicable
12/02/2011

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Term
threshold stimulus
Definition
a muscle fiber remains unresponsive to stimulation unless the stimulus is of certain strength
Term
all or none response
Definition
when muscle fiber contracts to its full extent
Term
myogram
Definition
recording of an electricallysimulated muscle contraction
Term
twitch
Definition
single,short contraction involving only a few motor units
Term
latent period
Definition
time delay between when the stimulus is applied and when the muscle contracts; wich is less than 0.01 seconds
Term
tetanic contraction
Definition
if the sustained contraction lacks any relaxation
Term
summation
Definition
a muscle fiber receiving a series of stimuli of increasing frequency reaches a point when it is unable to relax completely and the force of individual twitches
Term
smooth muscle fibers
Definition
are elongated with tapered ends, lack striation and have a relatively undeveloped sarcoplasmic reticulum
Term
multiunit smooth muscle
Definition
fibers occur seperately rather than as sheets such as in the blood vessels and iris of the eye
Term
viscerral smooth muscle
Definition
occurs in sheets and is found in the walls of hollow organs;these fibers can stimulate one another and display rhythmicity and are thus responsible for peristalsis in hollow organs and tubes
Term
peristalsis
Definition
wave like motion; occurs in certain tubular organs such as the intestines and helps force the contents of these organs along their lenghts
Term
intercalated disks
Definition
complex membrane junctions that join cell and transmit the force of contraction from one cell to the next, as well as aid in the rapid transmission of impulses throughout the heart
Term
cardiac muscle
Definition
self exciting and rhythmic and whole structure contracts as one unit
Term
origin
Definition
immovable end of a mscle
Term
insertion
Definition
movable end
Term
contraction
Definition
what pulls the insertion toward the origin
Term
prime mover
Definition
the one doing the majority of the work
Term
synergists
Definition
helper muscles
Term
antagonists
Definition
opposing muscles
Term
extensors
Definition
is the triceps brachii muscle include the teres major and latissimus doris
Term
abductors
Definition
include the supraspinatus and deltoid
Term
rotators
Definition
are the subscapularis,infraspinatus and teres minor; include the supinator, pronator teres and pronator quadratus
Term
muscles of the abdominal wall
Definition
group of muscle that connects the rib cage and vertebral column to the pelvic girdle
Term
linea alba
Definition
a band of tough connective tissue; extending from the xiphoid process to the symphysis pubis and serves as an attachment for certain abdominal wall muscles
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