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Chapter 8 Learning
learning
16
Psychology
12th Grade
11/16/2008

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Term
learning
Definition
a relatively permanent change in an organisms behavior due to experiences;CL
Term
associative learning
Definition
learning that certain events occur together ;CL
example: bounce ball get gold star
Term
behaviorism
Definition
a view that psych should be an objective science that studies behavior witout ref to mental processes
Term
classical conditioning
Definition
a type of learning in which an organism comes to associate stimuli; NS becomes a CS
Term
acquisition
Definition
the initial stage of classical learning
Term
operant conditioning
Definition
a type of learning in which behavior is strengthened if followed by reinforcement or diminished if followed by punishment
Term
respondent behavior
Definition
behavior that occurs as an automatic response to some stimulus; skinners term for behavior learned through classical conditioning
Term
operant behavior
Definition
behavior that operates on the environ, producing consequences
Term
law of effect
Definition
thorndikes principle that behaviors followed by favorable consequences become more likely and unfavorable less likely
Term
operant chamber
Definition
skinner box; a chamber containing a bar that can manipulate for food; used in operant conditioning research
Term
shaping
Definition
reinforcers guide behavior toward an desired goal; operant conditoning
Term
primary reinforcer
Definition
an innately reinforcing stimulus
Term
secondary reinforcer
Definition
a stimulus that gains its reinforing power through association wit a primary reinforcer
Term
continuous reinforcement
Definition
reinforcing the desired response every time it occurs
Term
partial reinforcement
Definition
reinforces behavior only part of the time;longer acquisition, less likely to extinguish
Term
fixed-ratio
Definition
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