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Chapter 7
7-1 through 7-6 for quiz
18
Biology
9th Grade
05/25/2011

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Term
lignin
Definition
hard material embedded in the cellulose matrix of the cell walls- helps to stand upright
Term
xylem
Definition
hollow, tube-shaped cells that carry water and minerals up from the roots, nonliving
Term
phloem
Definition
elongated cells arranged into tubes filled with streaming cytoplasm. through active transport, organic nutrients are distributed to water.
Term
tracheids
Definition
water-conducting cell that have pointed ends and thick walls with pits that connect them to nearby cells
Term
vessel elements
Definition
wider, shorter, thinner-walled, and less tapered than tracheids. the walls are perforated or missing so water can flow freely through them.
Term
cohesion
Definition
tendency of water to stick together
Term
adhesion
Definition
tendency of water molecules to form weak bonds to other charged molecules
Term
sieve tubes
Definition
phloem channels
Term
anthropods
Definition
animals that carry their skeleton on the outside of the body and have jointed legs
Term
open circulatory system
Definition
anthropods; no separation between blood and other intercellular fluid
Term
closed circulatory system
Definition
blood confined to vessels
Term
atria
Definition
chambers that receive blood returning to the heart
Term
ventricles
Definition
chambers that pump blood out of the heart
Term
arteries
Definition
carry blood away from heart to organs throughout the body
Term
capillaries
Definition
the network of microscopic vessels that infiltrate every tissue
Term
veins
Definition
blood vessels that return blood to the heart
Term
cardiac cycle
Definition
a sequence of muscle contraction and relaxation in the heart
Term
actin, mitosin
Definition
proteins that compose the molecular motor to contract muscles
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