Shared Flashcard Set

Details

Chapter 7
Cell Structure and Function
22
Biology
9th Grade
11/18/2009

Additional Biology Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term
the cell theory
Definition
1. all living things are composed of cells. 2. cells are the basic unit of structure and function in living things. 3. cells are produced from existing cells
Term
what are the differences between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells?
Definition

prokaryotic= no nucleus; simple; no membrane bound organelles

eukaryotic= has a nucleus;complex;make up almost all multicellular organisims

Term
what does the nucleus contain?
Definition
  • nearly all the cell's DNA
  • coded instructions for making proteins
  • other important molecules
Term
where are proteins assembled?
Definition
ribosomes!!
Term
what do the two types of endoplasmic reticulum do?
Definition
  1. makes membranes and secretory proteins
  2. makes lipids and helps to remove harmful substances
Term
what is the function of the Golgi apparatus?
Definition
modify, sorts, and packages proteins and otherr materails from the endoplasmic reticulum for storage or secretion  outside the cell
Term
what does the mitochondria do?
Definition

converts chemical energy stored in food into compunds that are more convenient for cell to use.

MIGHTY MITOCHONDRIA! :)

Term
what is the function of the chloroplasts?
Definition
capture energy from sunlight and converts it into chemical energy
Term
what is the cytoskeleton?
Definition
a network of protein filaments that helps the cell to maintain its shape
Term
name some things that all cells have
Definition
  • a cell membrane
  • ribosomes
  • cytoplasm
  • DNA
Term
name some things that some cells have.
Definition
  • nucleus
  • cell wall
  • chloroplasts
Term
what is diffusion?
Definition
the movement of any molecule from a higher concentration to a lower concentration
Term
what is osmosis?
Definition
the diffusion of water through a selectively permeable membrane
Term
what is hypertonic?
Definition
more solute than what its being compared to
Term
what is hypotonic?
Definition
less solute than what its being compared to
Term
 what is isotonic?
Definition

equal amounts of solute between 2 solutions

(reached an equilibrium)

Term
what is lysosome??
Definition
cell organelle filled with enzymes needed to break down certain materials in the cell
Term
where is the chromatin located? name the two places 
Definition
  1. spread through the nucleus
  2. when the cell divides it condenses to form chromosomes
Term
what makes up the cell wall?
Definition
cellulose
Term
what is phagocytosis??
Definition
process in which extensions of cytoplasm surround and engulf large particles and take them into the cell
Term
what are the levels of organization in multi cellular organisms?
Definition
cells--->tissue--->organ--->organ system--->organism
Supporting users have an ad free experience!