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Chapter 7 test
N/A
31
Science
7th Grade
12/08/2008

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Term
What is the only way a virus is like an organism?
Definition
The only way in which viruses are like organisms is that they can multiply.
Term
What is the structure of a virus?
Definition
All viruses have two basic parts: a protein coat that protects the virus and an inner core made of genetic material.
Term
How do viruses multiply?
Definition
Once inside a cell, a virus’s genetic material takes over many of the cell’s functions. It instructs the cell to produce the virus’s proteins and genetic material. These proteins and genetic material then assemble into new viruses.
Term
How can you treat a viral disease?
Definition
Resting, drinking plenty of fluids, and eating well-balanced meals may be all you can do while you recover from a viral disease.
Term
what is a virus?
Definition
a tiny, nonliving particle that invades and then multiplies inside a living cell. Viruses are not cells.
a living thing that provides a source of energy for a virus or an organism.
Term
what is a host?
Definition
a living thing that provides a source of energy for a virus or an organism
Term
what is a bacteriophage?
Definition
a virus that infects bacteria. In fact, its name means “bacteria eater.”
Term
what happens when the bacteria is in a cell?
Definition
Once inside a cell, a virus’s genetic material takes over many of the cell’s functions. It instructs the cell to produce the virus’s proteins and genetic material. These proteins and genetic material then assemble into new viruses.
Term
what are the two kinds of viruses?
Definition
active viruses and hidden viruses
Term
What is a bacteria?
Definition
Single-celled organisms that lack a nucleus; prokaryotes
Term
what is a flagellum?
Definition
a long, whiplike structure that helps a cell to move
Term
what is necessary to a bacteria?
Definition
Bacteria must have a source of food and a way of breaking down the food to release its energy.
Term
What is binary fission?
Definition
a process of reproduction in which one cell divide to make two identical cells
Term
what is Asexual reproduction?
Definition
a reproductive process that involves only one parent and produces offspring that are identical to the parent.
Term
what is sexual reproduction?
Definition
a process of reproduction in which two parents combine their genetic material to produce a new organism, which differs from both parents
Term
What is conjugation?
Definition
it is when one bacterium transfers some genetic material to another bacterium through a threadlike bridge. After the transfer, the cells separate.
Term
what are the roles of bacteria in nature?
Definition
food production, environmental recycling, and environmental cleanup.
Term
what is a protist?
Definition
eukaryotes that cannot be classified as animals, plants, or fungi
Term
what are the three groups of protists?
Definition
Human-like protists protists, plant-like protists, and fungus-like.
Term
What is a protozoan?
Definition
an animal-like protist
Term
what is a pseudopod?
Definition
A “false foot” or temporary bulge of cytoplasm used for feeding and movement in some protozoans.
Term
what is the use for a contract vacuole?
Definition
Small particles, like those of water, pass easily through the cell membrane into the cytoplasm. If excess water were to build up inside the cell, the amoeba would burst. Fortunately, amoebas have a contractile vacuole (kun trak til vak yoo ohl), a structure that collects the extra water and then expels it from the cell.
Term
where do protozoans live?
Definition
in the deep ocean and inside of people
Term
What are the four types of protozoans?
Definition
protozoans with pseudopods, with Cilia,with flagella, and protozoans that are parasites.
Term
what is fungi?
Definition

Fungi are eukaryotes that have cell walls, are heterotrophs that feed by absorbing their food, and use spores to reproduce

 

 

Term
what is a Hyphae?
Definition
the branching, threadlike tubes that make up the bodies of multicellular fungi
Term
how does fungi obtain food?
Definition
Fungi absorb food through hyphae that grow into a food source. First, the fungus grows hyphae into the food source. Then digestive chemicals ooze from the hyphae into the food. The chemicals break down the food into small substances that can be absorbed by the hyphae
Term
How does fungi reproduce?
Definition
Fungi usually reproduce by making spores. The lightweight spores are surrounded by a protective covering and can be carried easily through air or water to new sites
Term
what is budding?
Definition
A form of asexual reproduction of yeast in which a new cell grows out of the body of a parent.
Term
what is the role of fungi in nature?
Definition
Many fungi provide foods for people. Fungi play important roles as decomposers and recyclers on Earth. Some fungi cause disease while others fight disease. Still other fungi live in symbiosis with other organisms.
Term
are viruses heterotroughs or autotrophs?
Definition
neither; they don't live
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