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Chapter 7 Photosynthesis
Where it starts- photosynthesis
40
Biology
Undergraduate 1
10/26/2011

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Term
Wavelength
Definition
horizontal distance between the crest of every two succesive waves of radiant energy
Term
Radio Waves
Definition
have longest wavelength meaning has least amount of photons and usually the color are yellow and red
Term
Gamma Rays
Definition
have the shortest wavelength meaning it has alot of photons and usually the color are violet and blue
Term
Photoautotrophs capture light at what wavelength?
Definition
380-750 nanometers
Term
Chlorophll A
Definition
major pigment in all but one group of photoautotrophs, it absorbs violet and red light and reflects green and yellow
Term
Chorophll B
Definition
reflects green and blue light
Term
Caroteniods
Definition
reflects red, orange, and yellow
Term
Wilhelm Theodor Engelmann
Definition
expiremented with photosysnthesis and if it will release more or less oxygen with different colors
Term
Colors that are best and most efficient at driving photosynthesis?
Definition
violet and red
Term
Plants can make food from?
Definition
light, water, and carbon dioxide
Term
Light-dependent reaction
Definition
First stage reaction. It converts sunlight energy to chemical bond energy of ATP
Term
Light-independent reaction
Definition
Second stage reaction. It runs on energy delivered by ATP
Term
Explain what happens in light-dependent reaction.
Definition
With sunlight and H2O the reaction makes NADPH and ATP which goes to the second stage. With the second stage products, light dependent makes oxygen
Term
Explain what happens in light-independent reaction.
Definition
From NADPH and ATP and CO2, second stage makes NADP+ and ADP as well as glucose
Term
First step in light-dependent reaction
Definition
the entry of electrons from a photosystem into an electron transfer chain
Term
Where is ATP form
Definition
stroma
Term
By product of photosystem II
Definition
oxygen
Term
Calvin-Benson Cycle
Definition
- 6CO2 forms 12 PGA
- 12 PGA recieves phosphate group from ATP and H+ and e- from NADPH forms 12 PGAL
- two PGAL combine to form one glucose with phosphate group
Term
How is glucose molecule form from Calvin-Benson Cycle?
Definition
it takes six turns of Calvin Benson cyle (6 carbon atoms)
Term
Stomata
Definition
openings across leave's surface, releases the oxygen and accepts the carbon dioxide
Term
What happens to stomata on hot,dry weather?
Definition
it closes
Term
example of C3 plants
Definition
basswood, peas, beans.
Plants that do not grow in hot, dry places
Term
example of C4 plants
Definition
corn, bamboo because the CO2 level does not decline on hot days
Term
CAM plants example
Definition
cactus
Term
Photorespiration hampers the growth of?
Definition
C3 plants
Term
Energy glow and the cycling of carbon and other nutrients through the biosphere starts with?
Definition
Autotrophs
Term
Photosynthetic autotrophs use ___ from the air as a carbon source and ___ as their energy source.
Definition
CO2
Sunlight
Term
Light-dependent reaction in plants occur where?
Definition
thylakoid membrane
Term
What accumaltes inside the thylakoid compartment during the light-dependent reactions?
Definition
hydrogen ions
Term
When a photosystem absorbs light____
Definition
light-dependent reaction begins
Term
Light-independent reaction proceeds in the __
Definition
stroma
Term
The Calvin Benson cylce starts when?
Definition
carbon dioxide is attached to RuBP
Term
What substances are part of the Calvin Benson cycle?
Definition
ATP, NADPH, RuBP, O2, CO2
Term
In ATP formation only
Definition
electrons cycled back to photosystem II
Term
In CO2 fixation
Definition
rubisco required
Term
In PGAL formation
Definition
ATP, NADPH, required
Term
Autotrophs
Definition
makes their own food
Term
Heterotrophs
Definition
get energy and carbon from organic molecules assembled by other organisms
Term
Chemoautotrophs
Definition
extract energy and carbon from simple molecules in the environment such as hydrogen sulfide and methane
Term
Photoautotrophs
Definition
uses photosynthesis to make food and makes oxygen
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