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Chapter 6 vocabulary
Chapter is about counting microbes and types of microbes
18
Microbiology
Professional
10/13/2013

Additional Microbiology Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term
Acidophile
Definition
An acid-loving organism that grows best between 0.1 and 5.4 pH level
Term
Aerotolerant anaerobe
Definition
Organisms that can survive in the presence of oxygen but do NOT use it in their metabolism
Term
Agar
Definition
A complex polysaccharide extracted from certain marine algae and used in laboratories to grow and study microorganisms
Term
Alkaliphile
Definition
Alkali-loving organisms that exist best between 7.0 and 11.5 pH level
Term
Aseptic technique
Definition
A procedure used to minimize the chance that a pure culture will be contaminated by organisms from the environment
Term
Barophile
Definition
Bacteria that live at high pressures (like deep in the sea) and die if left in a laboratory for even a few hours under standard atmospheric pressure.  The high pressure is so the enzymes that they need to survive can keep their shape
Term
Binary fission
Definition
This is when a bacteria duplicates its DNA contents and divides into two cells.  The two new cells (daughter cells) will also divide into two cells and so on....
Term
Biofilm
Definition
Many different types of microorganisms growing together to make a layer on a surface.  When a biofilm drows to a certain density (quorum) they release more inducer molecules that changes their genes. 
Term
Blood agar
Definition
Useful medium to identify organisms that can cause hemolysis or breakdown of RBCs.  Sheep's blood is used most because its hemolysis is more clearly defined than human blood.
Term
Budding
Definition
A process of cell division where a new small cell develops from the surface of its parent cell before separating from the parent cell.
Term
Capnophile
Definition
Carbon dioxide-loving organisms that thrive with low oxygen and high CO2.  Many microaerophiles are also capnophiles
Term
Casein hydrolysate
Definition
Made from milk protein and contains many amino acids. Used to enrich certain media for microbial study
Term
Catalase
Definition
An enzyme found in most obligate aerobes and facultative anaerobes that is used to convert hydrogen peroxide into water and molecular oxygen
Term

Chemically nondefined medium

aka

complex medium

Definition
Contains reasonably familiar materials but varies slightly in chemical composition from batch to batch.  Contains blood or extracts from: beef, yeasts, soybeans, and other organisms
Term
Chemostat
Definition
A device used to keep the medium of a pure culture fresh so that the log phase of the isolated organism can be maintained indefinitely. It has a  thermostat with reservoir of fresh medium replenishes the culture while removing the old medium
Term
Colony
Definition
The way microbial growth is displayed when they divide on a solid medium.  They grow rapidly at the edges and die near the center.  All phases of growth occur simultaneously in a colony; which is an example of nonsynchronous growth
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