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Chapter 6: Thermal Energy
Vocabulary for chapter 6.
16
Science
10th Grade
11/05/2012

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Term
temperature
Definition
the measure of the average kinetic energy of the particles in an object
Term
thermal energy
Definition
the sum of the kinetic and potential energy of all the particles in an object
Term
heat
Definition
thermal energy that flows from something at a higher temperature to something at a lower temperature
Term
specific heat
Definition
the amount of heat that is needed to raise the temperature of 1 kg of some material by 1 degree C
Term
changes in thermal energy
Definition

Q=m(Tf-Ti)C

 

Q = mass x change in temperature Celsius x specific heat

Term
calorimeter
Definition
measures the specific heat of materials
Term
conduction
Definition
Transfer of thermal energy by collisions between particles in matter.  Particles are in constant motion.
Term
convection
Definition
Transfer of thermal energy in a fluid by the movement of warmer and cooler fluid from place to place.
Term
radiation
Definition
transfer of energy by electromagnetic waves.
Term
insulators
Definition
a material in which heat flows slowly
Term
heat engine
Definition
converts heat  into work
Term
internal combustion engine
Definition
heat engine in which fuel is burned inside cylinders or chambers.
Term
first law of thermodynamics
Definition
the increase in thermal energy of a system ewuyals the work done on the system plus the heat transferred to the system
Term
second law of thermodynamics
Definition
it is impossible for heat to flow from a cool object to a warmer object unless work is done
Term
solar collectors
Definition
absorb radiant energy from the sun
Term
thermodynamics
Definition
study of the relationship among thermal energy, heat, and work
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