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Chapter 5: The Nonliving Environment
Chapter 5 vocabulary
14
Science
8th Grade
10/23/2012

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Term
biotic
Definition

features of the environment that are or were once alive

bio means living

Term
abiotic
Definition

the nonliving parts of the environment

"a" means "not"

Term
atmosphere
Definition
the air that surrounds Earth
Term
soil
Definition
a mixture of mineral and rock particles, the remains of dead organisms, water, and air
Term
climate
Definition
an area's average weather conditions over time; includes temperature, rainfall or other precipitation, and wind.
Term
evaporation
Definition
takes place when liquid water changes into water vapor and enters the atmosphere.
Term
condensation
Definition
the process of changing from a gas to a liquid
Term
water cycle
Definition
a model that describes how water moves from the surface of Earth to the atmosphere and back to the surface again
Term
nitrogen fixation
Definition
Some types of bacteria can form the nitrogen compounds
Term
nitrogen cycle
Definition
transfer of nitrogen from the atmosphere to the soil, to livng organisms, and back to the atmosphere
Term
carbon cycle
Definition
carbon molecules move between the living and nonliving world
Term
chemosynthesis
Definition
the production of energy-rich nutrient molecules from chemicals
Term
food web
Definition
a model that shows all the possible feeding relationships among the organisms in a community
Term
energy pyramid
Definition
shows the amount of energy available at each feeding level in an ecosystem
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