Shared Flashcard Set

Details

Chapter 4 test
Socioemotional Development in Infancy
17
Psychology
Undergraduate 2
09/21/2014

Additional Psychology Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term
What is Emotion?
Definition

feelings or affect, involve an individuals communication with the world

 

  • in infancy communication = emotional expression
Term
Descibe the different types of Cries
Definition
  • Basic cry: a rhythmic pattern usually consisting of a cry, a briefer silence, a shorter inspiratory whistle, then brief rest before next cry (usually paired w/hunger)
  • Anger cry: similar to the basic cry with more excess air forced through the vocal cords
  • Pain cry: A sudden apperance of loud crying without preliminary moaning, followed by breath holding
Term
Describe smile types
Definition
  • Reflexive smile: a smile that does not occur in response to external stimuli and appears during the 1st month, usually during sleep
  • Social smile: a smile that occurs in response to an external stimulus, typically a face in the case of the young infant. Can occur as early as 4 weeks in response to caregiver's voice
Term
What is stranger anxiety?
Definition
most frequent expression of an infants fear (around 6 months)
Term
What is separation protest?
Definition
crying when the caregiver leaves
Term
What is social referencing?
Definition
reading emotional cues in others to help determine how to act in a particular situation
Term
What is Easy Child temperament?
Definition
child is generally in a positive mood, quickly establishes regualr routines in infancy, and adapts easily to new experiences
Term
What is Difficult Child temperament?
Definition
child reacts negatively and cries frequently, engages in irregular daily routines, and is slow to accept change
Term
What is Slow-to-Warm-Up Temparament?
Definition
child has low activity level, in somewhat negative, and displays low intensity of mood
Term
What is Kagen's concept of behavioral inhibition?
Definition
inhibited children react to many aspects of unfamiliarity with initial avoidance, distress or subdued affect, beginning around 7-9 months
Term
What is Rothnart & Bate's idea of effortful control?
Definition
infants who are high in effortful control show an ability to keep their arousal from getting too high and have strategies for soothing themselves. the opposite is true for children with low effortful control
Term
What are Erikson's first stages in psychosocial development?
Definition
trust, the development of self and independence
Term
What are Freud's first stages of psychosexual development?
Definition
oral and anal
Term
What was the Strange Situation?
Definition
Mary Ainsworth's experiment that measured the attachment of a baby to its mother
Term
What are the forms of attachment?
Definition
  • securely attached babies: use the caregiver as a secure base
  • insecure avoidant babies: show insecurity by avoiding the mother
  • insecure resistant babies: often cling to the caregiver and then resist her by fighting against the closenss
  • insecure disorganized babies: disorganized and disoriented
Term
What is scaffolding?
Definition
timing interactions so that the infant experiences turn-taking with parents
Term
What is childcare?
Definition
some type of care provided by someone other than a parent
Supporting users have an ad free experience!