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Chapter 4 (amsco)
Imperial Wars and Colonil Protest. 1754-1774 (COMPLETED)
32
History
11th Grade
01/14/2012

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Cards

Term
French and Indian War
Definition

The forth war in a series of Wars between England and France- fighting was concentrated in America unlike prior

  • Start- French built a chain of forts to stop British growth westward. Gvr. of Virginia send GW to win ctrl but he surrenders after a minor victory This starts war
  • The British Win in the end, British Aquired Spaish florida and French Canada Britian now Dominant in world
  • Think colonies as lazy, didnt help
  • Colonies not impressed by British leadership, resentment

 

Term
Edward Braddock
Definition

General in French-Indian War led expedition in Virginia and ended in disatorous defeat

 

Term
Albany Plan of Union (1754)
Definition

Provided for an Intercolinial government and a system for recruiting troops and collectin taxed form the various colinies for their common defense

- Plan never took effect was precedent for revolutionary congresses in the 1770s

Term
Peace of Paris (1763)
Definition
  • Britain aquired French Canada and Spanish Florida
  • End of French-Indian War
Term
Salutary Neglect
Definition
  • Britain excercising little direct ctrl over the colinies  and not enforcing the navigation laws regulating colonial trade.
  • Abandoned after French Indian War b/c saw need to adopt more forceful policies for takin ctrl of thei expanded North American dominians
Term
Whigs in Britain and Parliament
Definition
wanted to raise Taxes on colonists to pay costs of the Wars with france esp. the French-Indian war
Term
Pontiac's Rebellion
Definition
  • Rebellion of Native Americans in 1763 led by Chief Pontiac Whom attacked colonial settlements on western frontier.
  • British set troops to deal with "rebellion" instead of relying on colonial forces
Term
Proclomation of 1763
Definition
  • prohibited colonists from settling wast of the Appalachian Mts
  • Britain hoped the measure would prevent future hostilities between colonists and Native Americans
  • Colonists reacted with anger and defieance - wanted to reap benefits of French-Indian war
  • thousands streamed westward beyond the boundry anyway
Term
Sugar Act (1764)
Definition
  • placed duties on foreign sugar and certain luxuries
  • purpose was to raise money for crown
Term
Quartering Act (1765)
Definition
required the colonists to provide food and living quarters for British soilders stationed in the colonies
Term
Stamp Act (1765)
Definition
  • to raise funds to support british military incolinies Britain passes a tax long in use in England
  • Required revenue stamps be placed on most printed paper in the colonies, including all legal  documents, newspapers, pamphlets, and advertisements.
  • First direct tax collected from those who used the goods as opposed to the taxes on goods that were imported into the colonies, who wer paid by the merchants
Term
Patrick Henry
Definition
young virginian lawyer "no taxation w/out representation"
Term
Stamp Act Congress
Definition
resolved only their own elected representatives had the legal authority to approve taxes
Term
Sons and Daughters of Liberty
Definition
  • secret society organized for the purpose of intimidating tax agents.
  • They tarred and deathered revenue officials and destroyed revenue stamps
Term
Declatory Act
Definition
  • parliament repealed Stamp act b/c of boycotts in US and British merchant pressure
  • Enacted the Declatory act which said parliament had the right to tax and make lows for colonies "in all cases whatsoever"
Term
Townshend Acts
Definition
  • new duties to be collected on colonial imports of tea, glass, and paper
  • also provided for the search of private homes for smuggled goods
  • At first meet with little resistance b/c  they were indirect taxes Then James Otis and Sam Adams of MA and John Dickenson of PA argued focibly against it
Term
Boston Massacre
Definition
  • Townshend Repealed but Tea tax kept as a symbol of Britains right to tax- peace followed for 3 years
  • People in Boston resented troops that were protecting costums officials for Sons of Liberty
  • colonists harrased gaurds near customs house gaurds fired and killed 5 people including African American, Crispus Attucks, Troops acquitted at trial for murder
Term
The Gaspee
Definition
  • British Customs ship that cought smugglers, ran aground in 1772 off RI.
  • Colonists diguised as Native Americans ordered British off and Set fire to ship
Term
Boston Tea Party
Definition
  • Tea Act was passed that set monolopy of British Tea, Made it cheaper then smuggled Dutch Tea but still no one bought it (for symbolic reasons)
  • Shipment of Tea arrived and a group of Bostonians disguised as Native Americans boarded British ships and dumped 342 chests of tea into harbor
  • some thought this was justifiable some far thought it was too radical
Term
Intoloerable Acts
Definition

Series of acts in reataliation for Boston Tea Party

Coercive Acts and Quebec Act together

Term
Coercive Acts (1774)
Definition

4 coercive acts

  1. Port Act closed the port of Boston, prohibiting trade in and out of harbor until they destroyed Teas was payed for
  2. Mass Gvt Act reduced the power of the Mass legislature while increasing power of royal Gvr
  3. The administration of Justice Act allowed roal officailas of crimes to be tried in England insetead of the colonies
  4. Fourth llaw expanding the Quartering Act to enable British troops to be quartered in private homes (applied to all colonies
Term
Quebec Act (1774)
Definition
  • Law that organized Canadian lands gained from France accepted by French Canadians but resented by many of the 13 colonies
  • Roman Catholisism of official religion of Quebec set up Rep. assembly and extened Quebecs noundry to Ohio rvr.
Term
Enlightenment
Definition

Europen movement in literature and philosophy

"darkness" of past ages could be corrected by the use of human reason in solving most of humanity's problems.

Term
John Locke
Definition
  • 17th century philospher State (gvt) bound to follow "natural laws: baes on the rights that people have simply b/c they are human
  • Sovreignty resides with the people rather than with the state, citizens had a right to and obligation to revolt against whatever gvt that failed to protect their rights
  • Two Treatises of Government
Term
Deism
Definition
  • Belief that God had establish natural laws in creating the universe, role of divine intervention in human affairs was minimal
  • believed in rationalism and trusted human reason to solve the many problems of life and society
  • Philosophy derived form Locke and Jean-Jacques Rousseau
  • Profound influence on educated Americans in the 1760s and 1770s
Term
Jean-Jacques Rousseau
Definition
French philosopher similar to Locke
Term
Committees of Correspondence
Definition

Innitiated in 1772 by Sam Adams in Boston and other Mass towns, regulary exchanged letters about suspicious or potentially threatening British activities

 

Term
Sam Adams
Definition
More Radical cousin of John Adams Denounced the shooting at Boston as a "massacre" inflamed anti_British feeling
Term
Crispus Attucks
Definition
African American that died in Boston Massacre, Idk why this is fucking important at all... who gives
Term
James Otis
Definition
Write the Mass Circular Letter and sent copies to every colinial legislature which urged the colonies to petition Parliament to repeal the Townshend Acts
Term
John Dickinson of Penn. Letters From a Farmer in Pennsylvania
Definition
agreed that Parliament could regulate commerce but argued that b/c duties were a form of taxation,  they could not be levied on the colinies without the consent of their representative assemblies
Term
Lord Frederick North
Definition
New prime minister that urged parliament ti repeal the Townshend acts b/c their effect was to damage trade and to generate only a dissappointing amount of revenue
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