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c. Chapter 4 Alfred Adler
Chapter 4 quiz (:
42
Psychology
Graduate
09/23/2013

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Term
sociocultural
Definition
what paridigm was alfred Adler a part of?
Term
Individual psychology
Definition
theory that each person is an integrated whole striving to attain future goals and attemting to find meaning in life while working harmoniously with others.
Term
organ inferiority
Definition
condition that exsists when some organ of the body does not develop normally. In Adler's essay he put forth the idea that people are expecially vulnerable to disease in organs that are less developed than other organs
Term
compensate
Definition
making up for a weakness, such as organ inferiority, by emphasizing functions that substitute for the weakness.
Term
overcompensate
Definition
process by which through considerable effort, a previous weakness is converted into a strength.
Term

feelings of inferiority

 

Definition
feelings that one has of being inferior, whether or not these feelings are justified by real circumstances.
Term
masculine protest
Definition

striving to become more masculine

 

Term
inferiority
Definition
the primary motivating factor behind all personal accomplishments.
Term
inferiority compelx
Definition
psychological condition that exsits when a person is overwhelmed by feelings of inferiority to the point at which nothing can be accomplished
Term
striving for superiority
Definition
what Adler called the fundamental fact of life. it is not the search for power that motivates humans but constant search for perfection.
Term
fundamental fact of life
Definition
adler replaces his earlier contention that people seek power to overcome feelings of inferiority with the contention that they aspire to become superior or perfect. in addition healthy persons aspire to have perfection in society rather than individual.
Term
superiority complex
Definition
if a person concentrates exclusively on his or her own superiority while ignoring the needs of others and of society, he or she may develop this
Term
perception
Definition
it the childs____________ of the major life events in his or her life that determines his or her worldview, not actual reality.
Term
fictional finalism
Definition
fictional future goal to which a person aspires
Term
lifestyle
Definition
the primary means by which one attempts to attain his or her self created or fictional goals in life.
Term
social interest
Definition
an innate need of all humans to live in harmony and friendship with others and to aspire toward the development of the perfect society .
Term
the mother
Definition
what determines whether a person will have a well developed social interest or not?
Term
mistaken lifestyle
Definition
any lifestyle that is not aimed at socially useful goals
Term
ruling dominant type
Definition
dominates or fules other people
Term
getting leaning type
Definition
expects everything from others and gets everything he or she can from them
Term
avoiding type
Definition
this person succeeds in life by avoiding problems
Term
socially useful type
Definition
who confronts problems and attempts to solve them in a socially useful way
Term
physical inferiority
Definition
actual physical weakness
Term
spoiling, pampering
Definition
conditions that cause a child to beleive it is the responsibility of others to satisfy his or her needs
Term
neglecting
Definition
condition that causes the child to feel worthless and angry and to be distrustful of everyone
Term
conclusions, perceptions
Definition
it it not the childs experiences which dictate his actions; it is the ___________which he draws from his experiences
Term
creative self
Definition
humans are not simply passive recipients of environmental or genetic influences. rather each person is free to act on these influences and combine them as he or she wishes.
Term
safeguarding strategies
Definition
these are used to protect what little self-esteem and illusions of superiority a mistaken lifestyle can generate
Term
excuses
Definition
safeguarding strategy whereby neurotics use their symtpoms as an excuse for their shortcommings.
Term
agression
Definition
as a safeguarding strategy, takes three forms.
Term
depreciation
Definition
is the tendency to overvalue ones own accomplishments and to undervalue te accomplishments of others.
Term
accusation
Definition
tendency to blame others for his or her shortcommings and to seek revenge against them.
Term
self -accusation
Definition
involves wallowing in self-torture and guilt, the ultimate purpose of which is to hurt other people.
Term
distancing
Definition
stategy used by neurotics that involves creating barriers between themselves and their problems in life.
Term
first born child
Definition
the focus of attention until the next child is born, at which he or she is dethroned. most troublesome birth position
Term
second born child
Definition
has to be extremely ambitious because he or she is constantly trying to catch up and surpass the older sibling. was beleived to be the best of birth orders
Term
youngest child
Definition
most likely to seek a unique identity withing a family, such as becoming a musician in a family of scientists or vice versa.second worst position after the first born
Term
only child
Definition
is like a first born child who is never dethroned at least by a subling.
Term
first memories
Definition
a persons earliest recollections that provide the bass for a persons worldview, fictional final goal, and lifestyle. Adler beleived that as ones personality chages so do these.
Term
dream analysis
Definition
Adler beleived that the primary purpose of dreams was to create emotions that could be used by dreamers to support their mistaken lifestyles. Dreams then are analyzed to learn about the lifestyles of the dreamers
Term
fraternal birth order effect (FBO)
Definition
The more older, biologically realted brothers a male child has the more likely he is to be homosexual.
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