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Chapter 4
Beginning- Lipids
27
Biology
11th Grade
09/23/2011

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Term

organization

 

Definition
living things have a highly ordered chemical and physical?
Term
energy
Definition

all living things use?

it is the ability to do work to maintain themselves and grow

Term
metabolism
Definition
vast number of chemical reactions that are together called this
Term
homeostasis
Definition
living things use energy to maintain stable internal conditions that are different from their surroundings in a process called?
Term
nucleic acids
Definition
all life forms reproduce to perpetuate their kind and use this to record their individual characteristics and pass them on to their offspring
Term
true
Definition
true or false...the most basic features of living things are shared by all organisms, not just those that live in the sea
Term
water
Definition
the most important chemical that life involves
Term
water
Definition
the base of a complex "chemical soup" inside all organisms where the chemical reactions of metabolism take place
Term
organic compounds
Definition

besides water, most of the chemicals that make life possible are ....

molecules that contain atoms of carbon, hydrogen, and usally oxygen

Term
organic compounds
Definition
high energy molecules that take energy to be made...tend to break down themselves
Term
carbohydrates
Definition
composed mainly of just the basic elements of other organic molecules: carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen
Term
glucose
Definition
simplest carbohydrates
Term
starches
Definition
consist of much longer chains, which may contain components other than simple sugars
Term
complex carbohydrates
Definition
such as starches are often used to store energy reserves
Term
structural molecules
Definition
provide support and protection
Term
chitin
Definition
a modified carbohydrate that some animals use as a skeletal material
Term
cellulose
Definition

the main ingredient of wood and plant fibers

plants and many algae produce a sturctural carb called...

Term
proteins
Definition
another major group of organic molecules and the yare composed of chains of smaller subunits
Term
amino acids
Definition

in proteins the subunits are?

they contain atoms of nitrogen as well as carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen typical of all organic compounds

Term
muscles
Definition
made up largely of protein
Term
enzymes
Definition
proteins that speed up, or catalyze, specific chemical reactions ...without them metabolic reactions would occur slowly or not at all
Term
hormones
Definition
chemicals that act as messengers to help different parts of the body work together...type of protein
Term
proteins
Definition
also act as poisons, send chemical signals, produce light, act as antifreeze in the blood of some Antarctic fishes, and have countless other functions
Term
lipids
Definition
fats, oils, and waxes...another group of organic chemicals
Term
lipids
Definition
often used for energy storage and they repel water
Term
lipids
Definition
useful in buoyancy because they float and act as insulation from the cold...also marine organisms use them as a coating of wax to keep themselves from drying out
Term
hormones
Definition
some of these are lipids rather than proteins
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