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Chapter 4
Developmental psychology,Piaget,Erikson
20
Psychology
Undergraduate 1
11/18/2007

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Term
Developmental Psychology
Definition
The psychological specialty that studies how organisms change over time as the result of biological and environmental influences.
Term
Piaget's Theory
Definition
Piaget would pose problems, observe the responses, slightly alter situations, and observe their responses again. (3 main ideas distinguish Piaget's approach)
Term
Schemas
Definition
In Piaget's theory, mental structures or programs that guide a developing child's thought.
Term
Assimilation
Definition
A mental process that modifies new information to fit into existing schemes.
Term
Accommodation
Definition
A mental process that restructures existing schemes so that new information is better understood.
Term
Stages of Cognitive Development
Definition
The way a child thinks about the world progresses through 4 stages of cognitive growth.
Term
Sensorimotor Stage
Definition
The first stage in Piaget's theory, during which the child relies heavily on initiate motor responses to stimuli.
Term
Mental Representation
Definition
The ability to form internal images of objects and events.
Term
Preoperational Stage
Definition
The second stage in Piaget's theory, marked by well developed mental representation and the use of language.
Term
Concrete Operational Stage
Definition
The third of Piaget's stages, when a child understands conversation but still is incapable of abstract though.
Term
Formal Operational Stage
Definition
Piaget's final stage of cognitive development involves the development of abstract thought.
Term
Erikson's Theory of Psychological Development
Definition
Erikson saw human development as a sequence of psychological stages, defined by common problems that emerge throughout life.
Term
Trust Vs. Mistrust (1st stage)
Definition
during this stage you need to develop a basic sense of trust in your enviorment and in those who care for you.
Term
Autonomy vs. Self-doubt(2nd Stage)
Definition
As you acquire skills in walking and talking, you expand your ability to interact with others. If you enter this stage with a good sense of trust, you will have a sense of autonomy (independence)
Term
Initiative vs. Guilt (3rd Stage)
Definition
If you develop a basic sense of trust and autonomy during your preschool days then you probably enter grade school as a child who could initiate intellectual and motor tasks.
Term
Competence vs. Inferiority (4th Stage)
Definition
Successful efforts in peer interaction lead to feelings of competence.
Term
Identity vs. Role confusion (5th Step)
Definition
Comfortable sense of self as a person, both unique and socially accepted.
Term
Intimacy vs. Isolation (6th Step)
Definition
Capacity for closeness and commitment to one another.
Term
Generativity vs. Stagnation (7th Step)
Definition
Focus on concern beyond oneself, to family, society, future generations.
Term
Ego-integrity vs. Despair (8th Step)
Definition
Sense of wholeness;basic satisfaction with life.
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