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Chapter 4 Ionic Theory of Solutions and Solubility Rules
ionic theory of solutions and solubility rules
25
Chemistry
10th Grade
10/11/2009

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Term
ionic theory of solutions
Definition
certain substances produce freely moving ions when they dissolve in water, and these ions conduct an electric current in an aqueous solution
Term
electrolyte
Definition
substance that dissolves in water to give an electrically conducting solution (salt)
Term
nonelectrolyte
Definition
substance that dissolves in water to give a nonducting solution (sucrose)
Term
how strong or weak electrolytes are depend on...
Definition
how many ions dissolve in solution (strong electrolyte- most dissolve as ions)
Term
solubility
Definition
ability to dissolve
Term
spectator ion
Definition
an ion in an ionic equation that does not take part in the reaction
Term
net ionic equation
Definition
an ionic equation from which spectator ions have been canceled
Term
precitate
Definition
an insoluble solid compound formed during a chemical reaction in solution
Term
precipitation reactions
Definition
two ionic substances is mixed to form a solid ionic substance
Term
exchange (or metathesis) reaction
Definition
a reaction between compounds that appears to involve the exchange of parts between the two reactants
Term
acid
Definition
the molecule or ion that donates a proton to another
Term
base
Definition
the molecule or ion that accepts a proton in a reaction
Term
strong acid/weak acid
Definition
strong acid-ionizes completely in water; is a strong electrolyte
weak acid- partly ionizes in water; is a weak electrolyte
Term
strong base/weak base
Definition
strong electrolyte/weak electryolyte
Term
neutralization reaction
Definition
a reaction of an acid and a base that results in an ionic compound and possibly water
Term
oxidation-reduction reactions
Definition
involve the transfer of electrons between reactants
Term
half-reaction
Definition
Term
combination reaction
Definition
a reaction in which two substances combine to form a third substance
Term
decomposition reaction
Definition
a reaction in which a single compound reacts to give two or more substances
Term
displacement reaction
Definition
a reaction in which an element reacts with a compound, displacing an element from it
Term
acid-base reaction
Definition
a reaction in which an acid substance reacts with a base. involves the transfer of a proton
Term
combustion reaction
Definition
a reaction in which a substance in which a substance reacts with oxygen to produce flame
Term
molarity
Definition
the molar concentration of the moles of solute dissolved in one liter of solution
Term
gravimetric analysis
Definition
quantitative analysis in which the amount of a species in a material is determined by converting the speicies to a prouduct that can be isolated completely and weighted
Term
quantitative analysis
Definition
the determination of the amount of a substance present in a material
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