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CH 03
Summary
44
Psychology
Graduate
02/24/2015

Additional Psychology Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term
Behavioral assessment
Definition
_____ involves a full range of inquiry methods including direct observation, interview, checklists, and tests to identify and define targets for behavior change.
Term
funnel shaped
Definition
Behavioral assessment can be conceptualized as _____, with an initial broad scope leading to an eventual narrow and constant focus.
Term
The 5 phases of Behavioral Assessment
Definition
- Screening
- Defining & Quantifying problems or goals
- Pinpointing the target behaviors to be treated
- Monitoring the progress
- Following up
Term
authority and permission
Definition
Before conducting a behavioral assessment, the behavior analyst must determine whether he has the _____, resources, and skills to assess and change the behavior.
Term
Four major methods for obtaining assessment information
Definition
- Interviews
- Checklists
- Tests
- Direct Observation
Term
client interview
Definition
The _____ is used to determine the client's description of problem behaviors or achievement goals.
Term
what, when and where
Definition
In the client interview, _____ questions are emphasized, focusing on the actual behavior of the client and the responses of significant others to that behavior.
Term
Questionnaires & Needs Assessment surveys
Definition
These are sometimes completed by the client to supplement the information gathered in the interview.
Term
self-monitor
Definition
Clients are sometimes asked to _____ certain situations or behaviors.
Term
selecting and defining
Definition
Self-collected data may be useful in _____ target behaviors.
Term
Significant Others
Definition
_____ can also be interviewed to gather assessment information and, in some cases, to find out whether they will be willing and able to assist in an intervention.
Term
specific descriptions
Definition
Direct observation with a behavior checklist that contains _____ of various skills can indicate possible target behaviors.
Term
Anecdotal observation
Definition
_____, also called ABC recording, yields a descriptive, temporally sequenced account of all behaviors of interest and the antecedent conditions and consequences for those behaviors as those events occur in the client's natural environment.
Term
Ecological assessment
Definition
Entails gathering a large amount of information about the person and the environments in which that person lives and works (e.g., physiological conditions, physical aspects of the environment, interactions with others, past reinforcement history).
Term
necessary nor warranted
Definition
A complete ecological assessment is neither _____ for most applied behavior analysis programs.
Term
Reactivity
Definition
the effects of an assessment procedure on the behavior being assessed.
Term
aware
Definition
Reactivity is most likely when the person being observed is _____ of the observer's presence and purpose.
Term
unobtrusive
Definition
Behavior analysts should use assessment methods that are as _____ as possible, repeat observations until apparent reactive effects subside, and take possible reactive effects into account when interpreting the results of observations.
Term
habilitation
Definition
Target behaviors in applied behavior analysis must be socially significant behaviors that will increase a person's _____ (adjustment, competence).
Term
relevance of behavior rule
Definition
Will the behavior be reinforced in the person's daily life? The _____ requires that a target behavior produce reinforcement for the person in the post intervention environment.
Term
prerequisite
Definition
Is the behavior a necessary _____ for a useful skill?
Term
access to environments
Definition
Will the behavior increase the person's _____ to environments in which other important behaviors can be learned or used?
Term
appropriate and supportive
Definition
Will the behavior predispose others to interact with the person in a more _____ manner?
Term
cusp
Definition
Is the behavior a ____ or pivotal behavior?
Term
idiosyncratic change
Definition
Behavioral cusps have sudden and dramatic consequences that extend well beyond the _____ itself because they expose the person to new environments, reinforcers, contingencies, responses, and stimulus controls.
Term
untrained behaviors
Definition
Learning a pivotal behavior produces corresponding modifications or covariations in other _____.
Term
appropriate
Definition
Is the behavior age _____?
Term
adaptive behavior
Definition
Whenever a behavior is targeted for reduction or elimination, a desirable, _____ must be selected to replace it.
Term
actual problem
Definition
Does the behavior represent the _____ or achievement goal, or is it only indirectly related?
Term
verbal behavior
Definition
A person's _____ should not be confused with the actual behavior of interest.
Term
target behavior
Definition
In some cases the client's verbal behavior should be selected as the _____ because it is the behavior of interest.
Term
results or state
Definition
If a person's goal is not a specific behavior, a target behavior(s) must be selected that will produce the desired _____.
Term
more than one
Definition
Assessment often reveals ____ behavior or skill area for targeting.
Term
Prioritization
Definition
Can be accomplished by rating potential target behaviors against key questions related to their relative danger, frequency, long-standing existence, potential for reinforcement, relevance for future skill development and independent functioning, reduced negative attention from others, likelihood of success, and cost.
Term
goal conflicts
Definition
Participation by the person whose behavior is to be changed, parents and/or other important family members, staff, and administration in identifying and prioritizing target behaviors can help reduce _____.
Term
target behavior definitions
Definition
Explicit, well-written _____ are necessary for researchers to accurately and reliably measure the same response classes within and across studies or to aggregate, compare, and interpret their data.
Term
accurate and believable
Definition
Good target behavior definitions are necessary for practitioners to collect _____ data to guide ongoing program decisions, apply procedures consistently, and provide accountability to clients, parents, and administrators.
Term
Function-based definitions
Definition
Designate responses as members of the targeted response class solely by their common effect on the environment.
Term
Topography based definitions
Definition
Define instances of the targeted response class behavior by the shape or form of the behavior.
Term
objective
Definition
A good definition must be _____, clear, and complete, and must discriminate between what is and what is not an instance of target behavior.
Term
valid
Definition
A target behavior definition is _____ if it enables observers to capture every aspect of the behavior that the "complainer" is concerned with and none other.
Term
social validity
Definition
A behavior change has _____ if it changes some aspect of the person's life in an important way.
Term
before
Definition
Outcome criteria specifying the extent of behavior change desired or needed should be determined _____ efforts to modify the target behavior begin.
Term
Two approaches to determining socially validated performance criteria
Definition
- Assessing the performance of people judged to be highly competent
- Experimentally manipulating different levels of performance to determine which produces optimal results
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