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Chapter 37 - Perioperative Nursing
Definitions
27
Nursing
Undergraduate 1
02/21/2013

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Term
Atelectasis
Definition
a condition that occurs when ventilation is decreased and pooled secretions accumulate in a dependent area of a bronchiole and block it
Term
Circulating nurses
Definition
assist scrub nurses and the surgeons during surgery
Term
Closed wound drainage system
Definition
consists of a drain connected to either an electric suction or a portable drainage suction, such as a Hemovac or Jackson-Pratt
Term
Conscious sedation
Definition
a minimal depression of level of consciousness during which the client retains the ability to consciously maintain a patent airway and respond appropriately to verbal and physical stimuli
Term
Elective surgery
Definition
performed when surgical intervention is the preferred treatment for a condition that is not imminently life-threatening or to improve the client's life
Term
Emboli
Definition
a blood clot that has moved
Term
Emergency surgery
Definition
surgery that is performed immediately to preserve function or the life of the client
Term
Epidural anesthesia
Definition
the injection of an anesthetic agent into the epidural space (the area inside the spinal column but outside the dura mater)
Term
General anesthesia
Definition
the loss of all sensation and consciousness
Term
Intraoperative phase
Definition
begins when the client is transferred to the operating table and ends when the client is admitted to the postanesthesia care unit
Term
Local anesthesia
Definition
an anesthetic agent used for minor surgical procedures that is injected into a specific area
Term
Major surgery
Definition
surgery that involves a high degree of risk for a variety of reasons; it may be complicated or prolonged; large losses of blood may occur; vital organs may be involved; postoperative complications may occur
Term
Minor surgery
Definition
surgery that involves little risk, produces few complications, and is often performed in a "day surgery" facility
Term
Nerve block
Definition
chemical interruption of a nerve pathway effected by injecting a local anesthetic
Term
Penrose drain
Definition
a flexible rubber drain
Term
Perioperative period
Definition
refers to the three phases of surgery: preoperative, intraoperative, and postoperative
Term
Postoperative phase
Definition
begins with the admission of the client to the postanesthesia area and ends when healing is complete
Term
Preoperative phase
Definition
begins when the decision to have surgery is made and ends when the client is transferred to the operating table
Term
Regional anesthesia
Definition
the temporary interruption of the transmission of nerve impulses to and from a specific area or region of the body; the client loses sensation in an area of the body but remains conscious
Term
Scrub nurses/person
Definition
nurses that assist the surgeons
Term
Spinal anesthesia
Definition
anesthesia produced by injecting an anesthetic agent into the subarachnoid space surrounding the spinal cord; also referred to as subarachnoid block (SAB)
Term
Subarachnoid block (SAB)
Definition
see spinal anesthesia
Term
Suture
Definition
a thread used to sew body tissues together
Term
Thrombophlebitis
Definition
inflammation of a vein followed by formation of a blood clot
Term
Thrombus
Definition
stationary clot adhered to the wall of a vessel
Term
Tissue perfusion
Definition
passage of fluid (e.g., blood) through a specific organ or body part
Term
Topical anesthesia (surface anesthesia)
Definition
applied directly to the skin and mucous membranes, open skin surfaces, wounds, and burns
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