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chapter 34
Sleep
37
Nursing
Undergraduate 1
12/12/2013

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Term
Assessment of a patient's body temperature in the late afternoon is 37.3*C (99*F). The nurse assesses this as most likely due to what?s
Definition
Result of a normal circadian rhythm
Term
What records muscle tone?
Definition
EMG Electromyograph
Term
The nurse observes some involuntary muscle jerking in a sleeping patient. The nurse determines that the patient is most likely in which stage of sleep?
Definition
Stage I NREM sleep
Term
The nurse observes a slight increase in a patient's vital signs while he is sleeping during the night. According to the patient's stage of sleep, the nurse expects which of the following to be true?
Definition
It would be most difficult to awaken him at this times
Term
How many cycles of sleep does a person typically go through each night?
Definition
4 or 5
Term
Then nurse is discussing with an older woman the factors that induce sleep. What does the nurse teach her?
Definition
The amount of REM sleep decreases with age.
Term
A patient falls asleep in the middle of a conversation. The nurse would suspect which disorder?
Definition
Narcolepsy
Term
Which of the following descriptions is true of the diagnostic tool called a sleep diary?
Definition
It includes a record of physical activity
Term
To help a patient get to sleep, the nures suggests that he do what?
Definition
Follow his usual bedtime routine if possible
Term
What is the most common complaint of patients visiting sleep disorder clinics?
Definition
Chronic insomnia
Term
A prolonged pattern of REM deprivation may result in what?
Definition
Symptoms of psychosis
Term
Active dreaming occurs during what stage of sleep?
Definition
REM sleep
Term
When describing illness as a stressor that can influence sleep during various stages, what example would be most appropriate for the nurse to use?
Definition
Hypothyroidism can result in a decrease in the amount of certain stages of NREM sleep
Term
Caffeine is a known stimulant, and its intake should be
Definition
avoided at least 4 to 5 hours before bedtime
Term
Medications that induce sleep )sedative-hypnotics) may disturb REM or NREM sleep. The nurse should be aware of what consideration?
Definition
They usually become ineffective after several weeks.
Term
Sleep
Definition
a state of rest accompanied by altered consciousness and relative inactivity
Term
Rest
Definition
connotes a condition in which the body is in a decreased state of activity, with the consequent feeling of being refreshed.
Term
Reticular activating system (RAS)
Definition
During sleep, it experiences few stimuli from the cerebral cortex and the periphery of the blood. Wakefulness occurs when this system is activated with stimuli from the cerebral cortex and from periphery sensory organs and cells.
Term
What part of the brain is responsible for sleep walking or abnormal long periods of sleep?
Definition
Hypothalamus
Term
REM (rapid Eye movement) sleep
Definition
more difficult to arouse a person during this sleep. consumes 20-25% of nightly sleep tiem. During this, the pulse, respiratory rate, blood pressure, metabolic rate, and body temperature increases. Believed to be essential to mental and emotional equilibrium.
Term
NREM
Definition
consist of 4 stages and consumes 5-50% of sleep time. can be aroused with ease. the parasympathetic nervouse system dominates and decreases pulse, rr, bp, T, and metabolic rates.
Term
Infants require how much sleep?
Definition
14-20hrs
Term
Growing children require how much sleep?
Definition
10-14 hours
Term
Preschoolers require how much sleep?
Definition
9-16hrs
Term
school aged children require how much sleep?
Definition
10-12hrs
Term
young adults require how much sleep?
Definition
8hrs
Term
middle aged adults
Definition
sleep varies
Term
older adults
Definition
5-7 hrs
Term
Dyssomnias
Definition
sleep disorders characterized by insomnia or excessive sleepiness
Term
Parasomnias
Definition
are patterns of waking behavior that appear during sleep
Term
Insomnia
Definition
difficulty falling asleep, intermittent sleep, or early awakening from sleep. Most common of all sleep disorders.
Term
sleep hygiene
Definition
refers to nonpharmacologic recommendations that help an individual get a better nights sleep by changing life stlye.
Term
Hypersomnia
Definition
excessive sleep, particularly during the day
Term
Narcolepsy
Definition
uncontrollable desire to sleep. considered a neurological disorder
Term
Somnambulism
Definition
sleepwalking, night terrors
Term
bruxism
Definition
grinding teeth
Term
enuresis
Definition
urinating during sleep
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