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Chapter 33
na
28
Nursing
Undergraduate 3
03/21/2012

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Term
What are some of the uses of Aspirin
Definition
Mild/moderate fever relief
Anticogulant activity (reduces the risk of death after MI)
Reduce incidents of strokes.
Reduces risk of colorectal cancer.
Term
What are some of the adverse effects of aspirin?
Definition
Gastric discomfort and bleeding
Salicylism
Term
Who should not be given aspirin?
Definition
Patients receiving anticoagulant therapy such as warfarin, heparin and plicamycin.
Also category D for pregnant women
Term
What are some things to know about aspirin before you administer it?
Definition
Aspirin should be discontinued 1 week before surgery (anticoagulant)
Aspirin is excreted in the urine and affects urine testing for glucose and other metabolites
Term
Aspirin would increase the risk of bleeding if given with
Definition
Feverfew, garlic, ginger, and ginkgo
Term
What type of drug is aspirin?
Definition
COX inhibitor; NSAID, antipyretic
Term
What type of drug is ibuprofen?
Definition
Anti-inflammatory, analgesic, antipyretic (NSAID)
Term
What is Ibuprofen prescribed for?
Definition
Mild-moderate pain, fever and inflammation
Term
Administration alerts for ibuprofen?
Definition
Give drug on an empty stomach as tolerated*
If pt has allergy to aspirin, could exhibit hypersensitivity reaction to ibuprofen
Pregnancy category B
Term
What are some drug-drug interactions of ibuprofen
Definition
Should not be taken with anticoagulants
Can cause lithium toxicity
May lessen effects of diuretics
Use with other NSAIDs, alcohol or corticosteroids may cause serious adverse GI effects
Term
Do not use Ibuprofen with
Definition
**Pt for perioperative pain in the setting of coronary artery bypass graft surgery!!!
PT with renal/hepatic impairment
Term
What teachings should patients receiving NSAID therapy receive?
Definition
Teach PT to supplement drug therapy with nonpharmacologic measures
Teach PT to abstain from alcohol while taking acetaminophen
Teach PT to IMMEDIATELY report any signs of GI bleeding
Teach PT to IMMEDIATELY report any sign/symptoms of ringing, humming, buzzing in ears, difficulty with balance, dizziness or vertigo or nausea.
Term
Adverse effects of ibuprofen
Definition
Nausea, heartburn, epigastric pain.
GI ulceration with high doses
Renal impairment with chronic use
Term
When administering NSAIDs, the nurse should
Definition
Obtain baseline kidney/liver funtion (CBC)
Monitor bleeding time with long term administration
Assess for changes in pain, reduction in temperature and inflammation
Assess for GI bleeding, hepatitis, nephrotoxicity, hemolytic anemia and salicylate toxicity
Use catiously in ederly
Contraindicated in pediatric pts
Term
Prototype for glucocorticoids
Definition
Prednisone
Term
Glucocorticoids has what contraindications??
Definition
Patients with active viral, bacterial, fungal, or protozoan infections should not take prednisone.
Term
Adverse effects of glucocorticoids
Definition
Long term use of glucocorticoids results in Cushing's Syndrome (hyperglycemia, fat distribution to shoulders/face, muscle weakness, bruising and bones that fracture easily.
Term
Serious adverse effects of glucocorticoids
Definition
hyperglycemia
mood changes, peptic ulcers, cataracts
electrolye imbalances
**Can Mask Infections
Term
What are the most common adverse effects of penicillin
Definition
nausea, vomiting, diarrhea -- most complications in children + older adults
Term
Penicillin is contraindicated in patients with
Definition
Severe renal disease
Term
Interactions with penicillin G
Definition
decreases effectiveness of oral contraceptives
colestipol decreases absorption of penicillin
potassium-sparing diuretics can cause hyperkalemia when given with penicillin
Term
Penicillin is normally administer by
Definition
IM or IV,
oral administration is only absorbs 15%-30%.
Term
What is the pharmacologic and therapeutic class of penicillin G
Definition
Therapeutic: Antibacterial
Pharmcologic: Cell Wall Inhibitor
Term
What would penicillin lab tests look like?
Definition
May give false coombs test and false positive urinary or serum proteins
Term
What is the therapeutic class and pharmacologic class of Claforan
Definition
Therapeutic Class: Antibacterial
Pharmacologic Class: Cell wall inhibitor
Term
What is the most common adverse effect of claforan
Definition
Hypersensitivity
So the drug should be used with caution in patients with severe renal disease
Term
What are some drug-drug interactions of claforan
Definition
Probenecid -> may cause cephalosporin toxicity
Term
How do you administer claforan
Definition
Adminiter IM injections deep into large muscle mass to prevent injury to surrounding tissues.
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