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Chapter 33
Ecdysozoan
24
Biology
Undergraduate 1
10/24/2006

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Term
Ecdysozoan Characteristics (1)
Definition
*Cuticles
-thin flexible exoskeleton
-protects the animal but does not provide support
-bodies supported by hydrostatic skeleton
-allows the exchange of gases,minerals and water across body surface
Term
Ecdysozoan Characteristics (2)
Definition
*exoskeleton
-thick non-living covering difficult to penetrate
-provides protection and support
-protection and suppport
-doesn't grow with org. they shed
-required the evolution of new forms of movement and respiration
Term
Thin cuticles: Phylums Priapulid
Definition
--16 species are cylindrical
-unsegmented,worm like animals
-burrow in fine marine sediments
-capture prey with toothed pharynx which is everted through the mouth
Term
Thin cuticles: Phylum Chaetagnatha
Definition
-arrow worms coelm is divided into head, trunk, and tail
-small; gas exchange and excretion occur by diffusion of cell surface
-lack circulatory system
Term
Thin Cuticles: Kinorhyncha
Definition
-feed by ingesting sediments and digesting the organic material found within them (algae and dead matter)
-have no distinct larval stage
-fertilized egges develop directly into juvniles
Term
Tough cuticles: Phylum Nematormorpha
Definition
-Include horsehair worms are extremely thin can be a few mm to a meter long
-most adults live near litter and algal mats near the edges of streams and ponds
-larvae are internal parasites of insects and crayfish
Term
Tough cuticles: Phylum Nematoda
Definition
-Incule roundworms
-have pseudocoelom
-multi-layered, tough cuticle molts 4 times
-Pharynx
-Sexual reproduction; bihorn uterus
-very abundant and unviversally distributed
-
Term
Tough cuticles: Phylum Nematoda
Definition
-Incule roundworms
-have pseudocoelom
-multi-layered, tough cuticle molts 4 times
-Pharynx
-Sexual reproduction; bihorn uterus
-very abundant and unviversally distributed
Term
Parasitic Roundworms
Definition
-cause trich usually infected by eating meat (uncooked pork) containing larvae of trichinella spirals
-attach to intestinal wall and feed
-later larvae become encysted in muscle tissue
Term
Ascaris Lumbricides
Definition
-intestinal parasite
-harbored by 25% of world population
-single host life cycle
-sexual reproduction
-malnutrition
Term
Ascaris Lumbricides
Definition
-intestinal parasite
-harbored by 25% of world population
-single host life cycle
-sexual reproduction
-malnutrition
Term
Ascaris Lumbricides
Definition
-intestinal parasite
-harbored by 25% of world population
-single host life cycle
-sexual reproduction
-malnutrition
Term
wuchereria bnacrofti
Definition
-filarial worm
-affects over 120 million people
-2 hosts
-elephantiasis
-different species causes heart worm in dogs
Term
Dracunuclus medinensis
Definition
-guinea worm
-very long slender
-ulcerated skin lesions
Term
Characteristics of Arthropods
Definition
-exsoskeletons contain chiton
-rigid, segmented exoskeletons
-coelomates
-jointed appendages
-segmented body
-first to evade land
Term
Phylums: Onychophora
Definition
-relative to anthropods
-thin cuticle
-unjointed appendages
-hydrostatic skeleton
-include velvet worms (peripatus)
Term
Phylum: Tardigraden
Definition
-water bearer
-fleshy, unjointed leges
-use fluid-filled body cavities as hydrostatic skeletons
-extreely small
-no circulatory system and gas exchange organs
-include echiniscus springer
Term
Phylum: Trilobites
Definition
-related to anthropods
-extinct
-jointed legs (some modified for specific functions)
-heavily armored
Term
Trends in arthropod evolution
Definition
-bodies divieded into segments
-apendages have many functions (walking,swimming,gas exchange,food capture,copulation and sensor perception
-muscles are attached to exoskeleton that provides protection and water proofing, enabled movement to land
-dominant animals on eart, with about 1.5 million speicies
Term
Phylums: Hexapoda
Class: Aporygota and Pterygota
Definition
*Aporygota
-wingless
-no metmorphosis
-inclutes fire brats and silver fish
*Pterygota
-winged
-complex life cycle
-metamorphosis
Term
Major lineages in hexapoda
Definition
*1st-aquatic larvae;dragonflies and mayflies; no digestive tracts;only live long enough to mate and lay eggs
*2nd-grasshoppers,crickets,roaches,aphids,termites and cicadas;young look sim to adults
*3rd-larvae are specialized for growing and feeding
-adults are specialized for reproduction
-includes lacewings,beetles,butterlies,moths,flies,bees,wasps and ants
Term
Phylum Myriapoda
Definition
-2 body regions head and trunk;centipedes;1 pair legs on earth segment;predators;100 legged worms;
*milipeds 2 pairs of legs on each segment;million leg worms; scavangers
Term
Phylum Chelicerata
Definition
anterior region bears two pairs of appendages
classes inculde pyconogonida (sea spiders), arachnida (spiders,scorpions, harvestmen, mites,and ticks)
merostomata (horse shoe crabs
Term
arachnida (spiders,scorpions, harvestmen, mites,and ticks)
Definition
-abundant in terrestrial enviornments
-simple life cycle
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