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Chapter 30
Stars
13
Science
9th Grade
07/20/2006

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Term
apparent magnitude
Definition
Classification system based on how bright a star appears to be; doesn't take distance into account so cannot indicate how bright a star actually is.
Term
binary star
Definition
Describes two stars that are bound together by gravity and orbit a common center of mass.
Term
constellation
Definition
group of stars that forms a pattern in the sky that resembles an animal, mythological character, or everyday object.
Term
Hertzsprung-Russel diagram
Definition
Graph that relates stellar characterists-class, mass, temperature, magnitude, diamter, and luminiosity.
Term
Luminiosity
Definition
energy output from the surface of a star per second; measured in watts.
Term
Luminiosity
Definition
energy output from the surface of a star per second; measured in watts.
Term
main sequence
Definition
In an H-R diagram, the broad, diagonal band that includes about 90 percent of all stars and runs from hot, luminous stars in the upper-left corner to cool, dim stars in the lower-right corner.
Term
parallax
Definition
apparent positional shift of an object caused by the motion of the observer.
Term
black hole
Definition
Small, extremely dense remnant of a star whose gravity is so immense that not even light can escape its gravity field.
Term
nebula
Definition
Large cloud of intersellar gas and dust that collapses on itself, due to its own gravity, and forms a hot, condensed object that will become a new star.
Term
neutron star
Definition
collapsed, dense core of a star that forms quickly while its outer layers are falling inward, has a radius of about 10 km, a mass 1.5 to 3 times that of the Sun, and contains only neutrons.
Term
protostar
Definition
Hot, condsensed object at the center of a nebula that will become a new star when nuclear fusion reactions begin.
Term
supernova
Definition
Massive explosion that occurs when the outer layers of a star are blown off.
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