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Chapter 3 review
CCNA Exploration - Chapter 3
42
Internet/New Media
Undergraduate 2
10/05/2011

Additional Internet/New Media Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term
What does the application layer provide?
Definition
provides the interface between the applications we use to communicate and the underlying network over which our messages are transmitted
Term
What are application layer protocols used for?
Definition
to exchange data between programs running on the source and destination hosts
Term
What are the three primary functions of the Presentation Layer?
Definition
Coding and conversion of Application layer data to ensure that data from the source device can be interpreted by the appropriate application on the destination device.
Compression of the data in a manner that can be decompressed by the destination device.
Encryption of the data for transmission and the decryption of data upon receipt by the destination.
Term
What is the main function of the session layer?
Definition
create and maintain dialogs between source and destination applications
Term
What do the Application Layer protocols of the TCP/IP protocol specify?
Definition
Domain Name Service Protocol (DNS) is used to resolve Internet names to IP addresses.
Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP) is used to transfer files that make up the Web pages of the World Wide Web.
Simple Mail Transfer Protocol (SMTP) is used for the transfer of mail messages and attachments.
Telnet, a terminal emulation protocol, is used to provide remote access to servers and networking devices.
File Transfer Protocol (FTP) is used for interactive file transfer between systems.
Term
What are the two forms of software programs or process that provide network access in the Application Layer
Definition
Applications and Services
Term
What do protocols provide?
Definition
Rules and formats that govern how the data is treated
Term
What is the difference between an application and a service?
Definition
applications provide people with a way to create messages
services establish an interface to the network
Term
What do application layer protocols do?
Definition
protocols specify what messages are exchanged between the source and destination hosts
Term
What 6 things do protocols define?
Definition
Processes on either end of the communication
The types of messages
The syntax of messages
The meaning of any informational fields
How messages are sent and the expected response
Interaction with the next lower layer
Term
What is the difference between a client and a server?
Definition
he device requesting the information is called a client and the device responding to the request is called a server
Term
In general networking sense what is a server?
Definition
A server is usually a computer that contains information to be shared with many client systems. For example, web pages, documents, databases, pictures, video, and audio files can all be stored on a server and delivered to requesting clients. In other cases, such as a network printer, the print server delivers the client print requests to the specified printer.
Term
Describe the 2 processes a daemon uses (listening and hears)?
Definition
as "listening" for a request from a client, because they are programmed to respond whenever the server receives a request for the service provided by the daemon
Term
Complete the packet tracer lab examine a number of packets to see what each packet contains.
Definition
When a daemon "hears" a request from a client, it exchanges appropriate messages with the client, as required by its protocol, and proceeds to send the requested data to the client in the proper format.
Term
What is a peer-to-peer network?
Definition
Peer-to-peer networking involves two distinct forms: peer-to-peer network design and peer-to-peer applications (P2P).
Term
Are peer-to-peer networks easy to secure?
Definition
No because the users have all the control
Term
What are peer-to-peer applications?
Definition
Allows a device to act as both a client and a server within the same communication
Term
What do port numbers identify?
Definition
identify applications and Application layer services that are the source and destination of data
Term
What does the DNS protocol do?
(Domain Name System)
Definition
DNS protocol defines an automated service that matches resource names with the required numeric network address. It includes the format for queries, responses, and data formats.
DNS protocol communications use a single format called a message. This message format is used for all types of client queries and server
Term
What does the nslookup utility allow you to do?
Definition
allows the user to manually query the name servers to resolve a given host name
Term
What does the command ipconfig /displaydns show?
Definition
displays all of the cached DNS entries on a Windows XP or 2000 computer system
Term
What happens if a DNS server does not have a name in its stored records?
Definition
If it is unable to resolve the name using its stored records, it contacts other servers in order to resolve the name.
Term
If the same request is made again where does the DNS server look?
Definition
the first server can return the address by using the value stored in its name cache
Term
When is a server declared to be an authoritative server?
Definition
If a given server has resource records that correspond to its level in the domain hierarchy,
Term
Define the three parts of a url as listed on the page?
Definition
1. http (the protocol or scheme)
2. www.cisco.com (the server name)
3. web-server.htm (the specific file name requested).
Term
What type of request is sent to the server when retrieving a web page?
Definition
web clients make connections to the server and request the desired resources.
Term
What does the POST command do?
Definition
to send messages that upload data to the web server
Term
What does the PUT command do?
Definition
uploads resources or content to the web server.
Term
What protocol is used for secure transmission across the web?
Definition
HTTP is used across the World Wide Web for data transfer and is one of the most used application protocols.
Term
What 2 Application Layer protocols are used in sending and receiving email?
Definition
Post Office Protocol (POP)
Simple Mail Transfer Protocol (SMTP)
Term
What is another name for an email application?
Definition
Mail User Agent (MUA)
Term
What are the two processes that email servers perform?
Definition
Mail Transfer Agent (MTA)
Mail Delivery Agent (MDA)
Term
What happens to emails in many companies once the email reaches the internal server?
Definition
communicate with the e-mail server using a proprietary protocol. The server sends or receives e-mail via the Internet through the product's Internet mail gateway, which performs any necessary reformatting.
Term
List and describe some of the commands used by the SMTP protocol.
Definition
HELO - identifies the SMTP client process to the SMTP server process,
EHLO - Is a newer version of HELO, which includes services extensions,
MAIL FROM - Identifies the sender,
RCPT TO - Identifies the recipient,
DATA - Identifies the body of the message
Term
What is File Transfer Protocol (FTP)?
Definition
is another commonly used Application layer protocol. FTP was developed to allow for file transfers between a client and a server. An FTP client is an application that runs on a computer that is used to push and pull files from a server running the FTP daemon
Term
What are the 2 ports used and their purpose in FTP?
Definition
The client establishes the first connection to the server on TCP port 21. This connection is used for control traffic, consisting of client commands and server replies.

The client establishes the second connection to the server over TCP port 20. This connection is for the actual file transfer and is created every time there is a file transferred.
Term
What does Dynamic Host Confirmation Protocol (DHCP) do for a network?
Definition
enables devices on a network to obtain IP addresses and other information from a DHCP server. This service automates the assignment of IP addresses, subnet masks, gateway and other IP networking parameters.
Term
What are the 4 types of messages sent and received in DHCP?
Definition
DHCP Discover, DHCP Offer, DHCP Request, DHCP Acknowledge
Term
What is SMB (Server Message Block)?
Definition
a client/server file sharing protocol. IBM developed Server Message Block (SMB) in the late 1980s to describe the structure of shared network resources
Term
What are the 3 message types of SMB messages?
Definition
Start, authenticate, and terminate sessions
Control file and printer access
Allow an application to send or receive messages to or from another device
Term
What does the Telenet application provide?
Definition
Telnet provides a standard method of emulating text-based terminal devices over the data network. Both the protocol itself and the client software that implements the protocol are commonly referred to as Telnet.
Term
What protocol is recommended alternative to Telnet when security is a concern?
Definition
The Secure Shell (SSH) protocol offers an alternate and secure method for server access.
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