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Chapter 3 - Cell Processes
Cells
15
Science
7th Grade
10/04/2006

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Term
Diffusion
Definition
A type of passive transport in cells in which molecules move from areas where there are more of them to areas where there are fewer of them.
Term
Active Transport
Definition
Energy-requiring process in which transport proteins bind with particles and move them through a cell membrane.
Term
Endocytosis
Definition
Process by which a cell takes in a substance by surrounding it with the cell membrane.
Term
Equilibrium
Definition
Occurs when molecules of one substance are spread evenly throughout another substance.
Term
Exocytosis
Definition
Process by which vesicles release their contents outside the cell.
Term
Enzyme
Definition
A type of protein that regulates nearly all chemical reactions in cells.
Term
Inorganic Compounds
Definition
Compound, such as H2O, that is made from elements other than carbon and whose atoms usually can be arranged in only one structure.
Term
Fermentation
Definition
Process by which oxygen-lacking cells and some one-celled organisms release small amounts of energy from glucose molecules and produce wastes such as alcohol, carbon dioxide, and lactic acid.
Term
Metabolism
Definition
The total of all the chemical reactions in an organism.
Term
Mixture
Definition
A combination of substances in which the individual substances do not change or combine chemically but instead retain their own individual properties: can be gases, solids, liquids, or any combination of them.
Term
Organic Compound
Definition
Compounds that always contain hydrogen and carbon; carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids are organic compounds found in living things.
Term
Osmosis
Definition
A type of passive transport that occurs when water diffuses through a cell membrane.
Term
Passive Transport
Definition
Movement of substances through a cell membrane without the use of cellular energy; includes diffusion, osmosis, and facilitated diffusion.
Term
Photosynthesis
Definition
Process by which plants and many other producers use light energy to produce a simple sugar from carbon dioxide and water and give off oxygen.
Term
Respiration
Definition
Process by which producers and consumers release stored energy from food molecules; series of chemical reactions used to release energy stored in food molecules.
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