Shared Flashcard Set

Details

Chapter 27
Trauma Overview: The Trauma Patient and the Trauma System
29
Medical
Not Applicable
03/22/2012

Additional Medical Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term
Describe the relationship of mass and velocity to kinetic energy, including the relative contribution of each to the amount of kinetic energy
Definition
double mass equals double the amount of force, while velocity can square the amount of kinetic energy
Term
Explain the effects of acceleration and deceleration on kinetic energy and the potential for injury
Definition
acceleration can increase the kinetic energy of an object and thus cause more damage
Term
Describe the impacts that take place in a typical motor vehicle collision
Definition
you have the vehicle crash, the body crash, and organ collision
Term
List situations in motor vehicle collisions in which you should have a high index of suspicion for critical injuries
Definition
death of another occupant in the vehicle, an unresponsive patient or patient with an altered mental, intrusion of greater than 12 inches for the occupant site or greater than 18 inches anywhere to the vehicle, ejection from the vehicle
Term
Explain the typical patterns of injury associated with each of the following types of motor vehicle impacts: Frontal
Definition
Frontal injuries breed abdominal injuries, chest bones and soft tissues, the heart and lungs are compressed and sheared, lungs can rupture, and the face head and neck can be injured from colliding with the windshield.
Term
Explain the typical patterns of injury associated with each of the following types of motor vehicle impacts: Rear
Definition
You will find whiplash injuries and anterior spinal ligaments are often stretched or torn.
Term
Explain the typical patterns of injury associated with each of the following types of motor vehicle impacts: Lateral
Definition
You may find lots of neck injuries because laterally the muscles arent as strong, injuries can occur from the door striking the chest and abdomen, also find fractures of the pelvis and upper femur
Term
Explain the typical patterns of injury associated with each of the following types of motor vehicle impacts: Rotational and rollover
Definition
multisystem trauma is common, ejection is common if not restrained, finally crushing injuries are evident
Term
Explain the typical patterns of injury associated with each of the following types of motor vehicle impacts: Vehicle adult pedestrian
Definition
with adults its common to find injuries to the lateral or back side because adults tend to turn from the object
Term
Explain the typical patterns of injury associated with each of the following types of motor vehicle impacts: Vehicle child pedestrian
Definition
very common to find frontal injuries because the child will turn toward the oncoming object
Term
Discuss the effects of the use of restraint systems in motor vehicle collisions
Definition
has five points of restrained and prevents the body from moving to far forward
Term
Explain the typical pattern of injury associated with motorcycle collisions
Definition
head on impact collision, angular impacts, or ejection injuries
Term
Describe factors that affect the pattern and severity of injury produced in falls
Definition
The height and whether or not the person locked out there legs on the fall
Term
Compare and contrast injury patterns produced by low, medium, and high velocity penetrating mechanisms of injury
Definition
low impact causes injuries to the direct area,
Term
Describe the mechanism by which blast injuries produce injury
Definition
the primary (blast wave), secondary (fragmentation damage), and tertiary (impact against something else)
Term
Describe the principles of care for multisystem trauma patients
Definition
Respond quickly, assess life threatening injuries, manage life threats, and promptly prepare for transport
Term
Explain the term golden period and identify indications for an on scene time of 10 minutes or less when caring for trauma patients
Definition
The amount of time a patient has to increase chance of survival. Most emts should be off scene in ten minutes and en route to the hospital
Term
differentiate the characteristics of different level trauma centers
Definition
Level I is the highest with 5 being the lowest
Term
Identify patients who meet trauma triage criteria for transportation to a trauma center
Definition
airway occlusion, respiratory rate <10 or >29, inadequate tidal volume, hypoxia, respiratory failure, suspected skull fracture, flail chest, suspected pneumo, pelvic fracture, two or more proximal long bone fractures, crushed or mangled exremity, uncontrolled hemorrhage, suspected internal hemorrhage, shock, significant external blood loss, glasgow coma of less than 14, altered mental, seizure, sensory or motor deficit, penetrating injuries to head neck or anterior, amputation of an extremity proximal to the finger, trauma in a patient with a significant medical history, multisystem trauma, open or depressed skull fracture, suspected brain injury, paralysis
Term
cavitation
Definition
a cavity formed by a pressure wave resulting from the kinetic energy of a bullet traveling thorough body tissue, also called pathway expansion
Term
dissipation of energy
Definition
how energy is transferred to the human body by the forces acting on it
Term
drag
Definition
the factors that slow a projectile
Term
fragmentation
Definition
the breaking up of a bullet into small pieces on impact
Term
kinetic energy
Definition
the energy contained by an object in motion
Term
kinetics
Definition
the branch of mechanics dealing with the motions of material bodies
Term
kinetics of trauma
Definition
the science of analyzing mechanism of injury
Term
mechanism of injury
Definition
the factors and forces that cause traumatic injury
Term
profile
Definition
the size and shape of a bullets point of impact
Term
trajectory
Definition
the path of a projectile during its travel, a trajectory may be flat or curved
Supporting users have an ad free experience!