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Chapter 23
America and the Great War
18
History
Not Applicable
03/19/2008

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Term
Allies
Definition
In World War I, Britain, France, Russia, and other belligerent nations fighting against the Central Powers but not including the US, which insisted upon being merely an associated nation
Term
Bolshevik
Definition
Member of the communist movement in Russia that established the Soviet government after the 1917 Russian Revolution; hence, by extension, any radical or disruptive person or movement seeking to transform economic political relationships.
Term
Central Powers
Definition
Germany and its World War I allies Austria, Turkey, and Bulgaria.
Term
Committee on Public Information (CPI)
Definition
Government agency during World War I that sought to shape public opinion in support of the war effort through newspapers, pamphlets, speeches, films, and other media.
Term
Declaration of London
Definition
Statement drafted by an international conference in 1909 to clarify international law and specify the rights of neutral nations.
Term
Espionage Act
Definition
Law whose vague prohibition against obstructing the nation's war effort was used to crush dissent and criticism during World War I.
Term
Irreconcilables
Definition
Group of U.S. senators adamantly opposed to ratification of the Treaty of Versailles after World War I.
Term
League of Nations
Definition
International organization created by the Versailles Treaty after World War I to ensure world stability.
Term
Liberty Bonds
Definition
Interest-bearing certificates sold by the U.S. government to finance the American World War I effort.
Term
Preparedness
Definition
Military buildup in preparation for possible U.S. participation in World War I.
Term
Red Scare
Definition
Post-World War I public hysteria over Bolshevik influence in the US directed against labor activism, radical dissenters, and some ethnic groups.
Term
Reservationists
Definition
Group of U.S. senators favoring approval of the Treaty of Versailles, the peace agreement after World War I, after amending it to incorporate their reservations.
Term
Sedition Act
Definition
Broad law restricting criticism of America's involvement in World War I or its government, flag, military, taxes, or officials.
Term
Selective Service Act of 1917
Definition
The law establishing the military draft for World War I.
Term
Self-determination
Definition
The right of a people or nation to decide on its own political allegiance or form of government without external influence.
Term
Sussex Pledge
Definition
German's pledge during World War I not to sink merchant ships without warning, on the condition that Britain also observe recognized rules of international law.
Term
Treaty of Versailles
Definition
The treaty ending World War I and creating the League of Nations.
Term
War Industries Board (WIB)
Definition
The federal agency that reorganized industry for maximum efficiency and productivity during World War I.
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