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Chapter 23
Microbial diseases of the cardiovascular and lymphatic system
73
Biology
Undergraduate 2
07/09/2008

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Term

Transports nutrients to and wastes from cells

Definition
Blood
Term

Body's defense against infection inside blood

Definition
WBCs
Term
Transport intersitial fluid to blood
Definition
Lymphatics
Term
Contain fixed macrophages
Definition
Lymph nodes
Term
Bacteria growing in the blood
Definition
Sepsis
Term
Decrease in blood pressure
Definition

Severe sepsis

Term
Low blood pressure that cannot be controlled
Definition
Septic shock
Term

Gram negative sepsis

Definition
  • Endotoxinx caused blood pressure to decrease
  • antibiotics can worsen condition by killing bacteria
Term

Gram positive sepsis

Definition
Nosocomial infections such as:
  • staphylococcus aureus
  • streptococcus pyogenes
  • group B streptococcus
  • enterococcus faecium and E. faecalis
Term
Puerperal sepsis (childbirth fever)
Definition

Streptococcus pyogenes

Term

Disease transmitted to mother during childbirth by attending physicians and midwives

Definition

Puerperal sepsis (childfever) - streptococcus pyogenes

Term
Alpha-hemolytic streptococci from mouth
Definition
acute bacterial endocarditis
Term
Streptococci in the heart
Definition
Pericarditis
Term
  • Causes inflammation of heart valves
  • autoimmune complication of streptococcus pyogenes
  • grows nodules on the body
Definition
Rheumatic fever
Term
Tularemia
Definition
francisella tularensis
Term
  • Transmitted from rabbits and deer by deer flies
  • bacteria reproduce in phagocytes
Definition

Tularemia (francisella tularensis)

Term

Bruceliosis (undulant fever)

Definition
Brucella
Term

B. abortus

Definition
elk, bison, cows
Term
B. Suis
Definition
Swine
Term
B. Melitensis
Definition

goats, sheep, camels

Term

Disease that has a fever that spikes to 40 degrees celcius each evening and is fine during the day. It is transmitted via milk from infected animals

Definition

brucellosis (brucella)

Term
Anthrax
Definition
Bacillus anthracis
Term
  • bacteria found in soil
Definition
Anthrax - bacillus anthracis
Term
How are cattle protected from the bacillus anthracis bacteria?
Definition
They are vaccinated routinely
Term
How is anthrax treated?
Definition
with ciprofloxacin or doxycycline
Term
  • disease where endospores enter through minor cut.
  • 20% mortality
Definition
cutaneous anthrax
Term
  • Type of bacillus anthracis where ingestion of undercooked food contaminated food cause disease
  • 50% mortality
Definition
gastrointestinal anthrax
Term
  • Type of bacillus anthracis where there is inhalation of endospores.
  • 100% mortality
Definition
Inhalational anthrax
Term
Gangrene
Definition
Clostridium perfringens
Term
Loss of blood supply to tissue
Definition
ischemia
Term
Death of tissue
Definition
Necrosis
Term
Death of soft tissue
Definition
Gangrene
Term
  • Clostridium perfringens, gram-positive, endospore-forming anerobic rod
  • grows in necrotic tissue
Definition
gas gangrene
Term
What are treatments for gangrene?
Definition
  • surgical removal of necrotic tissue
  • hyperbaric chamber - chamber rich in oxygen
Term
Name 5 bacterias that come from animal bites and scratches
Definition
  • pasteurella multocida
  • clostridium
  • bacteroides
  • fusobacterium
  • bartonella hensellae
Term

The black plague

Definition
Yersinia Pestis
Term

Yersinia pestis comes from what type of reservoirs?

Definition
  • rats
  • ground squirrels
  • prairie dogs
Term
Bubonic plague
Definition
Bacterial growth in blood and lymph
Term
Septicemia plague
Definition
septic shock
Term
pneumonic plague
Definition
bacteria in the lungs
Term
What is the vector of yersinia pestis?
Definition
xenopsylla cheopsis
Term
Relasping fever
Definition
Borrelia - spirochetes
Term
What is the reservoir of borrelia - spirochete
Definition
rodents
Term
What is the vector of borrelia - spirochetes
Definition
ticks
Term

T or F?

Successive relapses are more severe

Definition
no, they're less severe
Term
Lyme disease
Definition
Borrelia burgdorferi
Term
What are reservoirs of lyme disease?
Definition
deers
Term
What are the vectors of lyme disease?
Definition
ticks
Term
What is the 1st symptom to lyme disease?
Definition
Bulls eye rash
Term
What is the 2nd phase of lyme disease?
Definition
Irregular heartbeat, encephalitis
Term
What is the third phase of lyme disease?
Definition

joint arthritis

Term
Typhus
Definition
Rickettsia prowazekii
Term
What are the reservoirs of typhus?
Definition
rodents
Term
What are the vectors of Typhus?
Definition
pediculus humanus corporis
Term
Bacteria that is transmitted when louse feces rubbed into bite wound
Definition
typhus - rickettsia prowazekii
Term
What is the epidemic typhus?
Definition
Epidemic murine typhus
Term
What is the vector for epidemic murine typhus?
Definition
xenopsylla cheopsis
Term
Spotted Fevers ( Rocky mountain spotted fever)
Definition
Rickettsia rickettsii
Term
Disease that has measles like rash except that the rash appears on palms and soles too.
Definition
Spotted Fever - Rickettsia rickettsii
Term
Human Herpes Virus 4
Definition
Epstein Barr Virus
Term

Type of Human herpes virus: 

  • Childhood infections are asymptomatic
  • transmitted via saliva
  • characterized by proliferation of monocytes
Definition

Infectious mononucleosis

Term

Type of Human Herpes Virus 4:

  • Nasopharyngeal carcinoma
  • cancer in immunosuppressed individuals and malaria and aids patients
Definition
Burkitt's lymphoma
Term
Cytomegalovirus infection
Definition

Human herpes virus 5

Term
  • Infection that has infected cells that are swollen
  • latent in white blood cells
  • may be asymptomatic or mild
  • Transmitted across the placenta; may cause mental retardation
  • transmitted sexually by blood or by transplanted tissue
Definition
Cytomegalovirus - Human herpes virus 5
Term
Viral hemorrhagic fevers
Definition
  • Ebola
  • marburg
  • Lassa
Term
Chaga's disease
Definition
Typanosoma cruzi
Term
What are the reservoirs of chagas' disease?
Definition

rodents

opossums

armadillos

Term
What is the vector of the Chagas disease?
Definition
Reduviid bug
Term
Malaria
Definition
Plasmodium vivax
Term
What is the vector of malaria?
Definition
anopheles mosquito
Term
Swimmer's itch
Definition
Schistosomiasis
Term
cat scratch disease
Definition
Bartonella hansellae
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