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Chapter 22
WWI, the Russian Revolution, and The Versailles Treaty
46
History
10th Grade
11/17/2007

Additional History Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term

 

Alexander Kerensky

Definition

 

 

the head of the Provisional Govt.

Term
Archduke Francis Ferdninand
Definition

 

Archduke of Austria-Hungary

 

assasinated because he wanted Slavs to feel welcome in Austria-Hungary but Serbia didn't want this(assasination leads to war)

Term

 Attrition

Definition

 

 

attack- not worried about winning- just trying to kill as many people as possible

Term
 Battle of the Somme
Definition

Goal: British wanted to break through German line(end stalemate)

Plan:massive bombardment of German Lines- allies will walk across the no-man's land and capture the German Trenches- clear ground of all German Soldiers

Bombed for 7 days and nights

First time they use tanks!!!!

Term
Battle of Verdun
Definition

Germans attacked so they could break the french and the lines for the war. French cherished Verdun and would do anything to keep it.

Term
Big Four
Definition

Orlando(Italy)

Clearmorcean(France)

George(England)

Wilson(US)

 

comprimise five treaties

Term

 

 

Black Hand

Definition

 

people who wanted to kill Ferdinand

 

(because he was giving rights to Serbia)

Term

 Blank Check

Definition

 

Germany gives Austria a blank check

 

this is good- shows that Austria can do whatever they want and Germany will support them

Term

Central

Powers

Definition

 

Germany

Austria-Hungary

Turkey

Belgium

Term
Cheka
Definition

 

Secret police

shoot people against revolution

Term
Eastern Front
Definition

 

 

Germany Fighting Russia

Term
Erich von Ludenorf
Definition

Guided German Military

 

tried to make one last big attempt to break the stalemate

 

Came up with the Ludenorf Offensive

Term
Fourteen Points
Definition

 

Purpose was to look at causes of the war without blaming anyone- hoped this could prevent war

 

Made by Woodrow Wilson

Term
Gavrilo Princep
Definition

 

 

man who asassinated Ferdinand

Term
George Clemanceau
Definition

Premier(Prime Minister) of France

Led country to victory

 

 

(and they beleived that they deserved revenge against Germany)

Term

 Great  Depression

Definition

 

time when unemployed and homeless filled the streets of the cities of the advanced industrial countries 

Term
Joseph Stalin
Definition

 

eliminated Bolsheviks

gained control of Communist party

created dictatorship

Term
League of Nations
Definition

 

"Promote cooperation, peace, and security"

Part of Versaille's Treaty

Term
Leon Trotsky
Definition

 

a fervid revolutionist

chairman at the Petrograd Soviet

 

organized the Red Terror

Term
Ludenorf Offensive
Definition

 Russia out of War

 

Unrestricted Submarine warfare

 

US not enter war late

Term

 NEP

Definition

New Economic Policy

 

modified version of the old capitalist system

peasants allowed to sell produce openly, private ownership now okay- saved nation from complete economic disaster

Term
Paris Peace Conference
Definition

Wilson, Clemenceau, Lloyd George

 

meet to create final settlement of the Great War

Term
Paul von Hindenburg
Definition

a WWI military hero 

 

was elected president at the age of 77 of the German Weimer Republic

Term
Politburo
Definition

 

the instution that had become the leading committee of the Communist party

Term
Provisional Government
Definition

decided to carry on the war to preserve Russia's honor

not smart because the people wanted to end the war

Kerensky was the head of it

Term

Red

Terror

Definition
Bolsheviks whose aim was to destroy all who opposed the new regime
Term
Russian Revolution
Definition

 

Moderate Revolution

&

Bolshevik Revolution

Term
Serbia
Definition

Wanted Serbian Nationalism(Pan-Slavism) but Austria-H kept taking their territory

wanted Slavs on their side

Term

Treaty of

Brest Litovsk

Definition

 between Russia and Germany

 

treaty that let Russia leave war

but they had to give up land

Term
Treaty of Versailles
Definition

FINAL TREATY ENDING WAR!!!

 

Germans and Austrians responsible for war

Germant lost land and Russia

new nations emerge from lost land

Term
Trench Warfare
Definition

elaborate systems of trenches-

 

very protective

make fighting very difficult

TONS of men died

Term
Trialism
Definition

Slavs get rights in Austria

so they wont want to leave

 

makes Serbia mad because they are trying to unite all of the Slavs

Term
Tsar Nicholas II
Definition

 

leader of Russia who didn't give power to the people

 

got overthrown!

Term

Unrestricted SubmarineWarfare

Definition

 

Germans' submarines sink merchant ships without warning

 

eventually caused US to enter war

Term
V.I. Lenin
Definition

 

Leader of the Bolsheviks

 

created NEP

 

came to power later on

Term

Von Schlieffen Plan

Definition

 Germany would hold Russia back while most of army would invade France

 

could win war quickly this way

 

Failed!

Term

War

Communism

Definition

 

Bolsheviks' attempt to keep economy from collapsing by taking control of all aspects of the economy

 

failed!

Term

Weimar

Republic

Definition

 

German democratic state

established after WWI

Term
Western Front
Definition

 

 

Germany fighting France

Term
William II
Definition

German King

shows up to get invovled in Mococco

wants to see how strong Alliance really is

says he supports Moroccan Pasha(ruler) against France

 

Term
Winter Palace
Definition

 

Palace in Russia

got attacked by the Bolsheviks in the October Revolution

Term
Woodrow Wilson
Definition

US president

 

wanted peace

 

made US Peace Proposal and the fourteen points

Term
Moderate (February) Revolution
Definition

Why? people in Russia are angry with Czar due to shortage of food, they werent getting power, he was sending military to shoot them, and he closed the Duma

Result? Provisional government is created, czar is gone, brief unification

Term
Bolshevik Revolution
Definition

Result-

Destroyed Provisional Govt.

 Communist Goverment is formed with Lenin in power

Now Russia is out of the War

Eventually led to Civil War

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