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chapter 22 physical assesment
listen lungs, head to toe, ohysical
47
Medical
Undergraduate 1
05/02/2007

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Term
Patient History
Assessment
Definition
1- cheif complaint
2- history present illness
3- past medical history
4- social history
5- family history
6- reproductive history
7- review os systems(patient view)
Term
when doing physical assessment
you need to
Definition
observe,auscalate (listen),
palpation (feel),percusion (tap)
olfaction ( smell)
Term
WHen observing you do what?
Definition
your are looking skin color, deformities
appearence, weekness, movement, rashes, scars, lesions
Term
Palpation look for?
Definition
feeling for muscle spasms,pain,
swelling, growth,movement, temp,
reaction from them
Term
Skin Turgors
Definition
elasticity and presence of edema
Term
Tenting
Definition
when skin pinched stays up usually in elderly
Term
dehydrated
Definition
loss of fluid in body
Term
when doing percussion what are you doing
Definition
take your hand tap with finger by movement of wrist and listen for sound
Term
Physical Exam order done
Definition
appearence, height & weight, vital signs,
head & neck, EENT, heart, lungs, abdomen,
Genital, skin, neuro, muscularskeletal
Term
PERRLA
Definition
P= pupal
E= equal
R= round
RLA= react to light
Term
PMI
Definition
point of maximum impulse
Term
basic needs assessment order of importance
Definition
rest and activity
nutrition needs
safety & security
hygiene & grooming
o2 circulation
Psycological needs- support system
elimination/voiding
Term
what is ADLs?
Definition
activities of daily living
example bathing,walking,eatting
Term
what id definition of cynosis?
Definition
a bluish tingle to nail beds indicating lack of o2
Term
define ecchymosis
Definition
blue, purplish path on the skin none as bruising
Term
describe JAUNDICE
Definition
yellowness of skin, sclera, resulting from hyperbilirubinemia and blue pigment
Term
describe LETHARGY a level of caunsiousness
Definition
abnormal drowsiness or Stupor
Term
what do you ask a patient to deside there level of ORIENTATION
Definition
awareness of one’s environment with reference to place, time, and people

ok to all three do x3 if two of them x2 if one do x1
Term
define PALLOR?
Definition
skin is pale
Term
PETECHIAE
Definition
pinpoint, round, purplish red spots that are not raised usually blood disorder
Term
what is a SCAR?
Definition
a mark remaining after the healing of a wound
Term
what does sign mean in medical field?
Definition
objective evidence of disease or dysfunction you can see
Term
define TINNITUS?
Definition
a noise in the ear such as ringing, buzzing, or roaring
Term
define VERTIGO?
Definition
a sensation of rotation or whirling movement: dizziness not lighheadness
Term
describe wheezing sound in the lungs?
Definition
a high pitched Whistling sound indicates narrow airways often with asthma
Term
describe a wound?
Definition
bodily injury caused by physical disruption of skin
Term
CERUMEN means?
Definition
earwax
Term
when ausculating the heart listening where and names of?
Definition
Aortic area-right side chest by sternum 3 rib down
Pulmonic area- left side by sternum 2nd rib down
Tricuspid area- between 4th and 5th rib by sternum
Mitral area- between 4th and 5th rib midline
Term
AUSCULTATION OF LUNGS in the front
Definition
1)above colier bone below neck 2-4)between 3,4,5 rib by sternum 5)between
6th and 7th rib out side by patients side
Term
ausculate of lungs in the back?
Definition
Move from bottom neck outside torward should then move down mid back then out
Like a tree torward love handles
Term
describe Rhonchi sounds in the lungs
Definition
Low-pitched rattling sound cause by secretions in larger air ways
Term
describe Crackles sounds in the lungs
Definition
similar to sound of hair being rubbed through fingers by ear
Term
describe Pleural friction sounds in the lungs
Definition
grating or scratchy sound like opening a squeaky door
Term
*Normail capillary means
Definition
restrict time is less than 3 seconds checked by pushing nail bed
Term
how do you assess pittling edema
Definition
Checking for edema by pressing index finger in good place to check is in ankles. Stay in

Trace minimal edema
+1 2mm edema
+2 4mm edema
+3 6mm edema
+4 8mm of edema
Term
*Learn the 4 equal quadrants
Definition
Right upper- liver, transverse colon
Right Lower- ascending colon
Left Upper- stomach, small intestine
Left Lower – descending colon, sigmoid colon
LOOK,ASUCALTAE,PALPATE
Term
what are Indicators of pain that need to be asked if pain present
Definition
1)Location
2)Intensity (how severe)
3)Duration ( continues come and go)
4)Onset (start)
5)Precipitating factors ( what brings on the pain and makes it worse)
6)Alleviating the factors (treatment)
Term
what is the Supine position?
Definition
flat on back
Term
what is the Prone position?
Definition
flat on belly
Term
what is Dorsal recumbent position?
Definition
on back knee’s up feet on table
Term
what is the Lithotomy postion?
Definition
Pelvic exam position first make sure bladder empty
Term
what is the Sims position?
Definition
on side arm on bottom put to back top leg over further
Term
describe the Knee chest position
Definition
back in arm knees pulled toward chest like baby
Term
DESCRIBE LEVEL CONSCIOUSNESS
Definition
Alert- follows commands in timely fashion
Lethargic-appears dowsey, drifts off to sleep
Stuporous- takes a lot of effort to respond
Comatose- does not respond to verbal commands or physical stimuli
Term
name the 9 *Pulse Points
Definition
Temporal (tempal of head), Carotid (side of neck), Apical (midline cervical 5th rib) Brachial (inside elbow), Radial (wrist), Femoral (groin), Popliteal (back knee),
Posterior Tibial (ankle), Dorsalis Pedis (top foot)
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