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Chapter 2 Key Terms
Chapter 2 Key Terms
21
Science
6th Grade
09/19/2011

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Term
Virus
Definition
a tiny nonliving particle that invades and then reproduces inside a living cell
Term
Host
Definition
an organism that provides a source of energy or a suitable environment for another organism or virus to live on
Term
Parasite
Definition
an organism that lives on or in a host and causes harm to the host
Term
Active virus
Definition
a virus that enters cells and immediately begins to multiply, leading to the quick death of the invaded cells
Term
Hidden virus
Definition
a virus that hides inside host cells before becoming active
Term
Bacteria
Definition
single celled organisms that lack a nucleus and prokoryotes
Term
Ribosome
Definition
a tiny structure located in the cytoplasm of a cell where proteins are produced
Term
Respiration
Definition
the process of breaking down food to release its energy
Term
Cytoplasm
Definition
the region of a cell that contains a gel-like material and cell structure
Term
Flagellum
Definition
the part of a cell that moves it
Term
Binary fission
Definition
a form of asexual reproductionin which cells divide to form two identical cells
Term
Asexual reproduction
Definition
a reproductive process that involves only one parent and produces offspring that are identical to the parent
Term
Sexual reproduction
Definition
a reproductive process that involves two parents that combine their genetic materialto produce a new organism which differs from both parents
Term
Conjugation
Definition
the process in which a unicellular organism transfers some of its genetic material to another unicellular organism
Term
Decomposer
Definition
an organism that breaks down chemicals from dead organismsand returns important materials to the soil
Term
Pasteurization
Definition
a process of heating food to a temperature high enough to kill most harmful bacteria without changing the taste of the food
Term
Infectious disease
Definition
an illness that can pass from one organism to another
Term
Toxin
Definition
a poison that can harm an organism
Term
Antibiotic
Definition
a chemical that can kill bacteria without harming a person's cells
Term
Antibiotic resistance
Definition
the ability of bacteria to withstand the effects of an antibiotic
Term
Vaccine
Definition
a substance introduced into the body to stimulate the production of chemicals that destroy specific disease causign viruses and organisms
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