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Chapter 1 Notes- Dr. Deshpande
for Dr. Deshpande's class...
59
Biology
9th Grade
09/04/2013

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Term
Steps of the scientific method
Definition
Observation
Hypothesis
Prediction
Experiment
Conclusion
Theory
Term
Hypothesis
Definition
Educated guess
-logical inference
-prior knowledge
Term
Prediction
Definition
an if/then statement
Term
Conclusion
Definition
facts learned and application in life
(hypothesis supported of rejected)
Term
Theory
Definition
when same conclusion is reached by several scientists after several expiriments
Term
Steps in an Experiment (lab report)
Definition
Title
Purpose
background Information
Materials
Procedure
Data
Data Analysis
Conclusion
Term
Purpose
Definition
Begins with the word "to"
Problem
Term
Background Information
Definition
Research
Term
Data
Definition
Qualitative and Quantitative
Includes a chart AND a graph
Term
Data Analysis
Definition
describes data
Term
Things to Remember in an Experiment
Definition
Variables and Constants
Term
Variables
Definition
independent(manipulated)and dependent(responding, measured)
Term
Constants
Definition
kept constant (conditions)
Term
Controlled experiment
Definition
experiment with a control group and only changes at a time . A controlled experiment has a control group and an experimental group.
Term
Control Group
Definition
group without variable applied/added
Term
Zoology
Definition
study of animals
Term
Botany
Definition
study of plants
Term
Microbiology
Definition
study of microscopic organisms
Term
Anatomy
Definition
study of structure of human body
Term
Physiology
Definition
study of function of the human body
Term
Ecology
Definition
study of interaction between organisms and their environment
Term
Ethology
Definition
animal behavior
Term
Paleontology
Definition
study of fossils
Term
Hierarchy of Life
Definition
Atom>Molecule>Macromolecule>organelle>cell>tissue>organ>system>organism>population>community>ecosystem>biome>biosphere
Term
Atom
Definition
basic unit of matter
Term
Cell
Definition
basic unit of life
Term
Population
Definition
a group of individuals that belong to the same species
Term
Organelle
Definition
membrane-bound structures that carry out specific functions
Term
Organelle Examples
Definition
rimbosomes, nucleus, mitochondria
Term
Centrifuge
Definition
an instrument that spins tubes up to 20,000 times a minute and separates cell parts based on mass.
Term
Cell fractionation
Definition
a technique in which cells are broken into parts and the different cell parts are separated using a centrifuge
Term
Cell Culture
Definition
group of cells grown from a singe cell asexually
Term
Another name for cell culture
Definition
cloning
Term
Characteristics of living things
Mauldin High Girls R Cute
Definition
Metabolism
Homeostasis
Genes/Heredity
Reproduction
Cellular Organization
Term
Two types of cells
Definition
prokaryotic
eukaryotic
Term
Prokaryotic
Definition
have no membrane bound organelles
(no organelles, no nucleus)
Term
Eukaryotic
Definition
contains organelles such as nucleaus, mitochondria, etc.)
Term
Organisms can be either...
Definition
unicellular of multicellular
Term
Advantages of multicelled
Definition
There are specialized cells to perform different functions.
Term
Length (metric)
Definition
meter
Term
Volume (metric)
Definition
liter
cubic centimeter
Term
Mass (metric)
Definition
gram
kilogram
Term
Temperature (metric)
Definition
Celsius
also known as centigrade
Term
micron
Definition
=.0001 mm
Term
nanometer
Definition
=.0001 microns
Term
Microscopes
Definition
Compound/light
Electron
Term
Electron
Definition
uses beams of electrons
samples are dead
Term
Compound Microscope
Definition
has two lenses
samples are alive
Term
Types of Electron Microscopes
Definition
Scanning (SEM)
Transmission (TEM)
Scanning tunneling (STEM)
Term
Scanning Electron Microscope
Definition
view: surface of sample
least expensive
3-dimensional image
Term
Transmission Electron Microscope: Details
Definition
view:interior of sample
expensive
2-dimensional image
Term
Scanning Tunneling Electron Microscope: Details
Definition
view: interior and surface
Most expensive
3-dimensional image
Term
Compound Microscope Lenses
Definition
has 2 lenses: eyepiece (magnification of 10X) and objective lenses
Term
Low power objective: Details
Definition
Magnification: 10X
Total Magnification: 100
Term
High power objective:Details
Definition
Magnification: 40X
Total Magnification: 400
Term
Oil immersion Magnification Information
Definition
Magnification: 100X
Total Magnification: 1000
Term
Oil immersion is used...
Definition
to observe bacteria (compound microscope)
Term
An electron microscope is used...
Definition
to view bacteria and viruses
Term
Most compound microscopes magnify samples to
a....(total magnification)
Definition
1000X
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