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Chapter 18, 19 n& 20
Vocab
41
Social Studies
9th Grade
04/11/2013

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Term
Basin
Definition
An open usually circular vessel with sloping or curving sides used typically for holding water for washing
Term
Nile River
Definition
flows more than 4,000 miles through Uganda and Sudan and into Egypt.
Term
Rift Valley
Definition
created by the moving apart of the continental plates, present in East Africa, stretching over 4,000 miles from Jordan in Southwest Asia to Mozambique in South Africa.
Term
Mount Kilimanjaro
Definition
A volcano in Tanzania in Africa, also Africa's highest peak.
Term
Escarpment
Definition
a steep slope with a nearly flat plateau on top
Term
Sahara
Definition
The largest desert in the world, stretching 3,000 miles across the Africa continent. From the Atlantic ocean to the Red sea, and measuring 1,200 miles from north to south.
Term
Aquifer
Definition
An underground layer of rock that stores water.
Term
Oasis
Definition
a place where water from an aquifer has reached the surface; it supports vegetation and wildlife.
Term
Canopy
Definition
The area encompassing the tops of the trees in a rain forest, about 150 feet above ground.
Term
Niger Delta
Definition
an area that has rich oil deposits.
Term
Sahel
Definition
a narrow band of dry grassland, running east to west on the southern edge of the Sahara, that is used for farming and herding.
Term
Desertification
Definition
an expansion of dry conditions to moist areas that are next to deserts.
Term
Aswan High Dam
Definition
on the Nile River in Egypt, completed in 1970, which increased Egypt's farmable land by 50 percent and protected it from droughts and floods.
Term
Silt
Definition
loose sedimentary material containing very small rock particles, formed by river deposits and very fertile.
Term
Olduvai Gorge
Definition
a sit of fossile beds in northern Tanzania, containing the most continuous known record of humanity over the past 2 million years, including fossils from 65 hominids.
Term
Aksum
Definition
An important trading capital from the first to the eighth centuries A.D. in what now Ethiopia; it flourished due to its location near the Red Sea and the Indian Ocean.
Term
Berlin Conference
Definition
A conference that established rules for political control of Africa.
Term
Cash Crop
Definition
used for direct sale, and not for use in a region, such as coffee, tea, and sugar in Africa.
Term
Pandemic
Definition
a disease affecting a large population over a wide geographic area.
Term
Carthage
Definition
One of the great empires of ancient Africa, situted on a triangular peninsula on the Gulf of Tunis on the coast of the Mediterrean Sea.
Term
Islam
Definition
a monotheistic religion based on the teachings of the prophet Muhammad, and the biggest cultural and religious influence in North Africa.
Term
Rai
Definition
a kind of popular Algerian music developed in the 1920s by poor urban children that is fast-paced with danceable rhythms; was sometimes used as a form of rebellion to expose political unhappiness.
Term
Goree Island
Definition
an island off the coast of Senegal that served as a major departure point for slaves during the slave trade.
Term
Stateless Society
Definition
one in which people use lineages, or families whose members are descended from a common ancestor, to govern themselves.
Term
Ashanti
Definition
A people who live in what is now Ghana, in West Africa, and who are known for their artful weaving of colorful asasia, or kente cloth.
Term
Bantu Migrations
Definition
This group of peoples went southward throughout Africa, spreading their language and culture, from around 500 B.C. to around A.D.1000
Term
King Leopold II
Definition
opended on the African interior to European trade along the Congo River and by 1884 controlled the area known as the Congo Free State.
Term
Mobutu Sese Seko
Definition
the leader of Zaire, which is now the Democratic Republic of the Congo, from its independance the 1960s until 1997. He brought the country's businesses uner national control, profited from the reorganization, and used the army to hold power.
Term
Fang Sculpture
Definition
carved boxes containing the skulls and bones of deceased ancestors, created by the Fang, who live in Gabon, southern Cameroon, and Equatorial Guinea.
Term
Great Zimbabwe
Definition
a city established by the Shona around 1000; it became the capital of a thriving gold-trading area.
Term
Mutapa Empire
Definition
a state founded in the 15th century by a man named Mutota and that extended throughout all of present-day Zimbabwe except the eastern part.
Term
Apartheid
Definition
A policy of complete seperation of the races, instituted by the white minority government of South Africa in 1948.
Term
Nelson Mandela
Definition
one of the leaders of the African National Congress who led a struggle to end apartheid and was elected president in 1994 in the first all-race election in South Africa.
Term
Commodity
Definition
an agricultural or mining product that can be sold.
Term
Diversity
Definition
to increase the variety of products in a country's economy; to promote manufacturing and other industries in order to achieve growth and stability.
Term
AIDS
Definition
A disease caused by human immune deficiency virus
Term
Cholera
Definition
a treatable infectious disease that can be fatal and is caused by a lack of adequate sanitation and a clean water supply.
Term
Tuberculosis
Definition
a respiratory infection spread by human contact, which oftern accompanies AIDS.
Term
UNAIDS
Definition
A program studies the world's AIDS epidemic.
Term
One Commodity Country
Definition
A country that relies on one principal export for much of its earnings.
Term
Malaria
Definition
An infectious disease of the red blood cells, carried by mosquitoes, that is characterized by chills, fever, and sweating.
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