Shared Flashcard Set

Details

Chapter 18 and 19 bio
boo!!
40
Biology
Undergraduate 1
04/16/2009

Additional Biology Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term
What substance is the primary component of the blood?
Definition
water
Term
what is the function of the circulatory system?
Definition
transport network for the body for exchange materials (gases, nutrients, waste, heat, hormones)
Term
What 2 gases bind to hemoglobin?
Definition
Carbon dioxide
oxygen
Term
What chamber of the heart is the most muscular?
Definition
Left ventricle
Term
list the 2 semi-lunar valves and their locations
Definition
aortic semilunar valve- between the left ventricle and aorta
pulmonary semilunar valve- between right ventricle and pulmonary artery
Term
what pathway does the blood flow from the heart to the lungs and back?
Definition
pulmonary circulation- goes from the right atria to the right ventricle to the lungs
Term
what is the pathway of the blood flow through the body
Definition
systemic circulation- comes from the lungs into the left atria to the left ventricle to the body
Term
systolic
Definition
pressure in artery during contraction
Term
diastolic
Definition
pressure in artery during relaxation
Term
Blushing and vigorous ________ causes blood to flow to the skin
Definition
exercise
Term
capillaries
Definition
thin walled tubes where diffusion occurs
Term
what happens in the capillaries?
Definition
diffusion
Term
veins
Definition
tubes with valves that take blood back to the heart
Term
which have thinner walls veins or arteries?
Definition
veins
Term
what prevents blood back up in the veins?
Definition
valves
Term
edema
Definition
swelling due to lymphs collecting in the tissue
Term
inhalation
Definition
taking in of air
Term
why are the walls of the alveoli and capillaries so thin?
Definition
to allow easy exchange or diffuse of gases
Term
asthma
Definition
chronic inflammation of the bronchial tubes that causes swelling and constriction of airways
Term
why is chewing important?
Definition
breaks food apart into smaller pieces so that there will be more surface area for enzymes to work
Term
what is digested in the mouth
Definition
starch
Term
name the gastric juices and their functions
Definition
hydrochloric acid (HCL)- kills invaders
Pepsin- major enzyme to digest protein
Term
the three jobs of the liver are
Definition
*secret bile
*filters foreign organisms from the blood *detoxifies the blood
Term
bile
Definition
secreted by liver helps break down fat molecules
Term
emulsification
Definition
break down of large fat molecules into smaller ones
Term
what is the primary function of the large intestine
Definition
absorbing the excess water
Term
Nephrons
Definition
functional units of the kidneys
always close to capillaries
where the filtration is done
Term
glomerulus
Definition
knot of capillaries
Term
what occurs in the proximal tubule?
Definition
reabsorption of a majority of the filtered materials occurs
Term
what are nutrients?
Definition
carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, and vitamins
Term
a persons diet is...
Definition
the amount of food and drink consumed a day
Term
an average person will lose how many pounds of fat per week when dieting?
Definition
1-2 pounds
Term
eating disorders
Definition
obesity, bulimia, anorexia
Term
bulemia
Definition
an eating disorder characterized by cycle of eating binges and purges; thought to be psychological, stemming from depression,low self-esteem, displaced anger, a need to be in control of one's body
Term
anorexia
Definition
eating disorder characterized by thin, dry brittle hair and fingernails; constipation; amenorrhea (lack of menstrual periods);decreased heart rate; loss of body proteins; weaker heartbeat
Term
a deficiency disease is caused by what?
Definition
the lack of a certain vitamin, nutrient or mineral in the diet
Term
what is known as "hitting the wall"
Definition
sudden onset of disabling fatigue that occurs when the limited amount of stored glycogen falls below a certain level during heavy, prolonged exercise
Term
osteoporosis
Definition
a deficiency disease caused by lack of enough calcium; results in a lowering of the density of the bones. recommend daily intake of 1200 mg of calcium to prevent
Term
a persons total energy requirements are highest when?
Definition
during the first 12 months of life
Term
Nephrons are always close to....
Definition
Capillaries
Supporting users have an ad free experience!