Shared Flashcard Set

Details

Chapter 17: Section 17.1
N/A
10
Biology
12th Grade
03/24/2012

Additional Biology Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term

 

 

 

Selective Breeding

Definition

 

Process of choosing and breeding speicific organisms for particular physical features or behaviours.

 

 

Example: Appaloosa Horse of the Rocky Mountains.

Term

 

 

 

True Breeding

Definition

Organisms that are homozygous for a particular trait or set of traits and produce offspring that exhibit the same characteristics generation after generation.

 

Example: Mendel's Pea plants that cross pollinated and produced offsprings with the same traits.

Term

 

 

Dominant

Definition

Describes a trait which always appears in an individual that is either heterozygous (Aa) or Homozygous (AA) for that trait.

 

Example: The allele for purple coloured flower is dominant over the allele for a white coloured flower.

Term

 

 

Complete Dominance

Definition

A condition in which the dominant allele of a gene completely conceals the presence of the recessive allele of a gene; an individual with one recessive and one dominant allele has the same observable physical characteristic as an individual with two dominant alleles.

 

Example: When a pink and white flower are crossed, and the offspring produced are all pink, it shows that pink flowers completely dominate white flowers.

Term

 

 

Genotype

Definition

The combination of alleles for any given trait.

 

 

Example: Blood type.

Term

 

 

Phenotype

Definition

 

The visible physical and physilogical traits of an organism

 

Example: Hair colour.

Term

 

Test Cross

Definition

Cross of n individual of an unknown genotype with a homozygous recessive individual: used as a method to determine the unknown genotype.

 

Example: Crossing YY x yy.

 

 

Term

 

 

 

Dihybrid Cross

Definition

 

Cross of two individuals that differ in two traits.

 

 

Example: Crossing a pea plant for shape and colour.

Term

 

 

Co-dominance

Definition

 

Describes a situation in which two alleles may be expressed equally; occurs when two different alleles for a trait are both dominant.

 

Example: A roan horse has both black and white hair mixed throughout his body.

Term

 

 

Incomplete Dominance

Definition

 

A condition in which neither o two alleles for the same gene can completely conceal the presence of the other.

 

Example: Cross between a red and white flower that produces a pink flower.

Supporting users have an ad free experience!