Shared Flashcard Set

Details

Chapter 16 + 17
Chapter 16 + 17
12
Physiology
Undergraduate 2
07/29/2011

Additional Physiology Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term
What are the four functions of the respiratory system?
Definition
1. Pulmonary ventilation - air in/out of lungs

2. External respiration - oxygen and carbon dioxide exchanged between alveoli and blood in lungs

3. Transport of respiratory gases - uses cardiovascular system - lungs and tissues

4. Internal respiration - oxygen uptake and carbon dioxide production at the cellular level
Term
What is the difference between the respiratory and conducting zones of the respiratory system?
Definition
Conducting zone provides the passageway for air (nose, nasal cavity, pharynx, trachea, larynx, etc.), whereas the respiratory zone is the site of gas exchange.
Term
What important factor do the Type II cells of the alveolar wall secrete?
Definition
Type II alveolar cells secrete pulmonary surfactant to lower surface tension of water and allows the membranes to separate, thereby increasing its ability to exchange gasses.
Term
What are the two phases of breathing?
Definition
Term
What is intrapulmonary pressure?
Definition
pressure within alveoli
Term
Is intrapulmonary pressure (pressure within alveoli) constant?
Definition
Term
What is intrapleural pressure?
Definition
pressure within pleural cavity
Term
Is intrapleural pressure greater/lesser than intrapulmonary pressure?
Definition
always less than intrapulmonary pressure and atmospheric pressure
Term
What does Boyle's Law tell us?
Definition
If temperature is kept constant, pressure and volume are inversely proportional.
Term
By which two ways is oxygen transported in the blood?
Definition
1. Bound to hemoglobin within red blood cells

2. Dissolved in plasma

*** Each hemoglobin molecule binds FOUR oxygen atoms in a rapid and reversible process; the hemoglobin/oxygen combination is known as oxyhemoglobin; hemoglobin that has released oxygen is known reduced hemoglobin
Term
By which three ways can carbon dioxide be transported in the blood?
Definition
1. Dissolveed in plasma (7-10%)
2. Chemically bound to hemoglobin - 20% is carried in red blood cells as carbamino hemoglobin
3. Bicarbonate ions in plasma - 70%

***at the tissues, bicarbonate quickly diffuses from red blood cells into the plasma
Term
How is blood pH regulated?
Definition
1. The carbonic acid <---> bicarbonate buffer system resists blood pH changes

2. If [H+] in blood beings to rise, escess H+ is removed by combining with bicarbonate ions
3. If [H+] drops, carbonic acid dissociates, thereby releasing H+
Supporting users have an ad free experience!