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Chapter 14
The Civil War
28
History
Undergraduate 2
11/29/2011

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Cards

Term
Robert Barnwell Rhett
Definition
one of the many fire eaters who supported succession as early as the crisis of 1850
Term
February 1861
Definition
formation of the Confederate States of America
Term
Jefferson Davis and Alexander Stephens
Definition
president and vice president of the Confederacy
Term
Senator John J. Crittenden
Definition
wanted to extend the Missouri compromise to extend all the way through the territories
Lincoln wanted each state to decide on its own and not encourage imperial conquests in the caribbean and central america
Term
Major Robert Anderson
Definition
April 12, 1861 refused to surrender the fort to Jefferson Davis and the Confederacy lays seige to it
Term
West Virginia
Definition
created due to the succession in October 1861
Term
Border States
Definition
Delaware , Maryland, Missouri and Kentucky
Term
General George B. McClellan
Definition
appointed by Lincoln to defend Washington, D.C. (Northwest Virginia)
Term
Lincoln's army is also known as....
Definition
the Army of the Potomac (under the command of McClellan)
Term
First Battle of Bull Run
Definition
General McDowell vs. General Beauregard at Manassas, ends with Union retreat
--> McDowell is replaced with McClellan
Term
Second Battle of Bull Run, aka The Battle of Antietam
Definition
defending attack from Stonewall Jackson and eventually Robert E. Lee
McClellan delays an attack on Lee but Lee eventually retreats
Term
Battle of Antieta
Definition
Term
Battle of Shiloh
Definition
Ulysses S. Grant uses riverboats to capture Fort Henry, forces a Confederate withdrawl
Term
habeas corpus
Definition
protects citizens from arbitrary arrest
during the war Lincoln suspends habeas corpus in order to force conscription
Term
King Cotton
Definition
southern reliance on exporting cotton to European countries to provide revenue to purchase supplies for the war
Term
Homestead Act 1862
Definition
gave 160 acres land to settlers after 5 years of residence
Term
Salmon P. Chase
Definition
Secretary of the Treasury, created a national banking system by forcing thousands of local banks to accept federal charters and regulations
Term
Legal Tender Act of 1862
Definition
authorized $150 million in paper currency, known as greenbacks
Term
The Confiscation Act, 1861
Definition
General Benjamin Butler
authorized seizure of all property used in the rebellion
contraband of war
Term
Thaddeus Stevens
Definition
emancipation as an instrument of war
Radical Republicans using wartime legislation to destroy slavery
Term
Emancipation Proclamation
Definition
didn't free a single slave
permitted slavery to continue to areas occupied by the Union army
Term
Gettysburg and Vicksburg
Definition
back-to-back Union victories by Ulysses S. Grant
Southern armies would no longer invade the North
Southern citizens began criticizing the war effort
Term
the Alabama
Definition
Britain impounds the ironclad cruiser that they had built for the South due to their reliance on Midwest wheat and flour
--> the failure of King Cotton
Term
54th Massachusetts Infantry
Definition
first all-African American regiment
Term
National Union Party
Definition
name change of the Republican party to attract border-state and Democratic voters
chose Andrew Johnson as the running mate of Lincoln
Term
General Sherman
Definition
September 1864 seized Atlanta
convinced Grant and Lincoln to let him march to the sea
total war
Term
Copperheads
Definition
first known as Peace Democrats, called for a convention to restore peace
supported by the South because they felt they could persuade them to allow for an independent Confederacy
--> called Copperheads after the change in military situation (seizing Atlanta) causes them to change their mind and leave the Southerners feeling betrayed
Term
April 9, 1865
Definition
Grant gains control of a railway junction cutting off Lee's supplies and cuts off his escape route towards North Carolina
--> Robert E. Lee surrenders at Appomattox Court House
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