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Chapter 14 Terms
AP US History terms for chapter 14 of The American Promise
31
History
10th Grade
11/28/2010

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Term
John Brown
Definition
fanatic abolitionist who attempted to incite rebellion and free the slaves with war; hanged and celebrated as martyr
Term
Daniel Webster
Definition
sought to build constituency for compromise, appealed for end to taunts and reckless proposals, thought it useless to ban slavery from everywhere
Term
William Seward
Definition
strong abolitionist Senator, called for utter banning because of God
Term
Stephen A. Douglas
Definition
ushered Compromise of 1850 through Congress, also Kansas-Nebraska Act, anti-Lecompton Democrat
Term
Harriet Beecher Stowe
Definition
wrote Uncle Tom's Cabin, responsible for inciting abolitionist feelings in Northerners and "starting the war" in Abraham Lincoln's words
Term
James Buchanan
Definition
doughface Democrat, won election of 1856, didn't do anything as tensions escalated
Term
Charles Sumner
Definition
spoke vehemently on "the crime against Kansas" then ended up being beaten over the head with a cane until he lost consciousness
Term
Roger B. Taney
Definition
Chief Justice of Dred Scott Decision, hated Republicans and racial equality
Term
Jefferson Davis
Definition
helped escalate tensions, then ended up becoming president of Confederate States of America
Term
Harpers Ferry Raid
Definition
raid led by John Brown with weapons that were to be given to slaves, all participants died
Term
Wilmot Proviso
Definition
proposed Congress bar slavery from all lands acquired in war with Mexico, failed in Senate after passing House
Term
Popular sovereignty
Definition
voters in territories decide free vs. slave
Term
Free-Soil Party
Definition
formed from anti-slavery Whigs in election of 1848, pre-Republicans
Term
Omnibus Bill
Definition
introduced by Henry Clay, wouldn't pass until Douglas divided and conquered into Compromise of 1850
Term
Compromise of 1850
Definition
5 acts: Cali free, New Mexico and Utah popular sovereignty, Texas debt relief and giving up panhandle, no slave trade in DC, fugitive slave act
Term
Fugitive Slave Act
Definition
required Northerners to help return "escaped slaves," judges received more money for deciding slave than free so free blacks were enslaved too
Term
Uncle Tom's Cabin
Definition
written by Harriet Beecher Stowe, "so you are the little woman who wrote the book that made this great war" from Abraham Lincoln
Term
Kansas-Nebraska Act
Definition
left both to popular sovereignty, led to "bleeding Kansas"
Term
Know-Nothing Party/American Party
Definition
against immigrants and Catholics
Term
Republican Party
Definition
against slavery, purely sectional party
Term
Bleeding Kansas
Definition
civil war over free vs. slave
Term
Bleeding Sumner
Definition
House representative Preston Brooks beat Charles Sumner unconscious by hitting him over the head with a cane for an inflammatory speech including a personal attack on his kinsman for bleeding Kansas
Term
Dred Scott decision
Definition
Supreme Court ruled Missouri Compromise unconstitutional and said Congress had no right to decide free vs. slave in western territories
Term
Panic of 1857
Definition
supposedly caused by Democrats, hurt Douglas going into Lincoln-Douglas debates
Term
Lecompton Constitution
Definition
Kansas constitution made with only slave-holders present though free outnumbered slave
Term
Lincoln-Douglas debates
Definition
series of debates for Illinois Senate seat, examined moral issue of slavery
Term
Freeport Doctrine
Definition
Douglas in debates, settlers couldn't now pass legislation barring slavery but they could just as effectively ban it by not passing protective laws
Term
Confederate States of America
Definition
Lower South seceded after Lincoln's election with Jefferson Davis as president and Alexander Stephens as VP
Term
Crittenden Compromise
Definition
last-ditch effort before war that involved protection but not expansion of slavery and reformed fugitive slave laws
Term
fire eaters
Definition
extreme Southern politicians who urged secession
Term
secession crisis
Definition
Lower South seceded....
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