Shared Flashcard Set

Details

Chapter 13 Science Test
Mr Williams
56
Science
8th Grade
02/26/2014

Additional Science Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term
What is the vitally important natural resource contained in the oceans of the world? NoT
Definition
Water
Term
Why is this (vitally important resource contained in the oceans) resource difficult to obtain from the oceans? NoT
Definition
Seawater is hard to de-salinate
Term
List the main ocean basins of the world.
Definition
Arctic, Atlantic, Indian and Pacific. Pacific is the largest
Term
What are the two main differences between the young-earth and old-earth theories for the origin of the ocean basins? NoT
Definition
When the oceans formed. How much time it took to split up the supercontinent.
Term
People often use mean sea level (MSL)as a reference point for measuring what?
Definition
Altitude, Elevation, Depth
Term
List the typical geographic features of ocean basin topography, starting at the coast and moving into the basin. (6)
Definition
shore, beach, continental shelf, continental slope, continental rise, abyssal plain
Term
What are three important tectonic features found in ocean basins?
Definition
mid-ocean ridges, seamounts, trenches
Term
What is a reef? What makes a coral reef?
Definition
a rock formation that is in a shallow depth. Skeletons of corals
Term
With what kind of tectonic feature do most atolls seem to be associated? NoT
Definition
Volcanic islands
Term
T - F The Challenger Deep is deeper than the highest mountain in the world
Definition
'True
Term
Why can we suspect that the original created ocean was probably at least a little salty?
Definition
Because saltwater plants/animals cannot survive in freshwater, freshwater plants/animals cannot live in saltwater.
Term
Which two chemical elements make up most of the salt in seawater? When combined, what common compound do they form?
Definition
sodium and chlorine. They form table salt.
Term
Name two sources that add minerals to the oceans.
Definition
Rivers and Volcanic Ash
Term
Name two processes that remove minerals from the oceans.
Definition
plants and animals use the minerals, they react with other chemicals and settle out.
Term
How does salinity affect the freezing point and density of water?
Definition
Lowers freezing point, increases density
Term
How does a sperm whale locate a tasty squid in the black depths of the ocean if it can't see it?
Definition
echolocation
Term
T - F Sea ice is just as salty as the surrounding seawater.
Definition
'False
Term
What are the 3 factors that determine the kinds of marine life and where they can live in the oceans? NoT
Definition
Water depth, light, how fast environmental conditions change.
Term
How are the littoral zone and the open ocean photic zone similar?
Definition
Similar light and temperature
Term
How are the littoral zone and the open ocean photic zone different?
Definition
salinity and water clarity are more consistent.
Term
What are the 4 main carbon reservoirs that communicate with the ocean carbon reservoir? NoT
Definition
atmosphere, ocean, land upper lithosphere
Term
Explain why organisms cannot use atmospheric nitrogen directly to build organic compounds.
Definition
molecular nitrogen is inert and does not take part in chemical reactions
Term
According to Psalm 104, what does the ocean reveal to us about God?NoT
Definition
That it is God's creation
Term
T - F Because of the way benthic is defined, it is accurate to say that no benthic organisms live in the open ocean photic zone.
Definition
'True
Term
How is oceanography different from the standard individual sciences, like biology, geology and chemistry?
Definition
It involves several different types of sciences
Term
What are the differences between seas and oceans?
Definition
seas are large and mostly surrounded by land. Oceans are larger.
Term
Why is it important to be able to predict local sea levels in a harbor from day to day? NoT
Definition
To help those that work on the coast
Term
Give one possible cause for an increase in mean sea level. NoT
Definition
Global warming
Term
You are visiting an ocean beach. How can you recognize the width of the shore? NoT
Definition
by measuring the high and low tide
Term
Is the continental rise part of the continental plate? Explain. NoT
Definition
No. It is sediment that has come off the continent itself.
Term
What is the average depth of the abyssal plain? Give the depth in both km and miles. NoT
Definition
3.8km, 2.4miles
Term
Where are the deepest spots in the ocean located?
Definition
Trenches
Term
What may have caused these (deepest spots in the ocean) to form?
Definition
Plate techtonics, subduction zones
Term
Give one explanation for how an atoll may have formed. NoT
Definition
Forms from a collapsed caldera which forms a lagoon.
Term
What do we mean by salinity?
Definition
Amount of salt in water
Term
What is the average salinity of seawater?
Definition
35 parts per million
Term
If the average salinity of the ocean is not changing, what must be true about the rates of addition and removal of minerals from seawater?
Definition
adding and removing salt at the same rate
Term
What happens to seawater temperature as you go deeper into the ocean?
Definition
it is colder
Term
Why is studying the speed of sound in seawater important to marine biologists?
Definition
The change in speed affect the distance of an object using echolocation
Term
State two properties of the intertidal zone that make it an especially difficult environment in which to live.
Definition
switches between living in air and living in water everyday. Pounding of the waves.
Term
What are the two main sources of food for marine animals living in the aphotic zone of the open ocean?
Definition
Hunt for food and marine snow
Term
What is the main way that carbon becomes food for animals? NoT
Definition
when green plants turn carbon dioxide into plant matter
Term
How have the activities of people contributed to the nitrogen cycle since the last century? NoT
Definition
Man-made chemical fertilizers
Term
T - F The oceans are the source of most of Earth's atmospheric oxygen.
Definition
'True
Term
T - F There is only one ocean.
Definition
'True
Term
T - F The ocean's surface makes the earth into a smooth sphere.
Definition
'False
Term
T - F The beach is broader than the shore at a given location. NoT
Definition
'True
Term
T - F Geologists recently estimated that there could be around 25 million extinct volcanic seamounts taller than 100m. This large number suggests that underwater volcanism must have been significant in the past. NoT
Definition
'True
Term
T - F According to young-earth geologic history, existing coral reefs probably developed after the Flood.
Definition
'True
Term
T - F The fish kinds found in landlocked lakes today must have originally been ocean fish that survived the Flood. NoT
Definition
'True
Term
T - F Seawater is 3.5% sodium chloride and 96.5% water. NoT
Definition
'False
Term
T - F The oceans continue to grow saltier as rivers add minerals to seawater and the water evaporates.
Definition
'False
Term
T - F The temperature at which seawater freezes decreases as salinity increases.
Definition
'True
Term
T - F A sound velocity profile (SVP) displays how sound speed changes with seawater temperature. NoT
Definition
'False
Term
T - F Marine organisms in the littoral zone are NOT protected from the occasional significant changes to their environment.
Definition
'True
Term
T - F Earth's carbon and nitrogen cycles take place entirely within the oceans.
Definition
'False
Supporting users have an ad free experience!